D.V. MIKHEYEV, Candidate of Sciences (Economics) (info@faufcc.ru), Director Federal center of rationing Standardization and a technical evaluation of compliance in construction (str. 1, 45, Volgogradskiy Avenue, 109316, Moscow, Russian Federation)

Topical Issues of Development of Building Industry and Industries of Construction Materials
The construction branch actually forms the order of the industry of construction materials regarding parameters of technical characteristics of materials, products and designs, and also their outputs. Technical parameters of construction materials are set by standards, and requirements for their application at design and construction – the sets of rules making uniform system of technical regulation in construction. Only thanks to integrity of system of technical rationing perhaps effective introduction of innovative technologies in construction. The state task which realization has begun in the middle of the current year provides formation of scientific base for development and revision of normative technical documentation taking into account emergence of new innovative technologies and construction materials. For the first time for the last 20 years the state finances the organization and carrying out the research and developmental works providing determination of the normalized parameters, which are contained in normative technical documentation in the sphere of construction. Thus system approach in technical rationing in construction, complexity of state regulation of construction branch and ensuring coherence of safety requirements to buildings and construc tions, building constructions, materials and products will allow to carry out effective introduction of innovative technologies.

Keywords: innovations; construction materials; technical rationing.

V.N. YARMAKOVSKIY, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Honorary member of RAACS (yarmakovsky@yandex.ru) Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy architecture and construction sciences (RAACS) (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)

Physical-Chemical and Structural-Technological Bases of Producing High-Strength and High-Durable Structural Lightweight Concretes
Physical-chemical and structural-technological bases of producing high-strength and high-durable structural lightweight concretes (HSLC) necessary for determination of their optimal compositions and regulated parameters have been developed. Conditions of the formation of optimal structure of these concretes including the contact zone of concrete components have been defined by the experimental-theoretical way (with the help of structural-simulation models). Technological bases for using results of these studies for development of optimal compositions of HSLC with optimal regulated parameters have been formulated.

Keywords: lightweight concretes, macro- and microstructure, chemical-mineralogical composition, contact zone, frost resistance, waterproofness, strength, deformability.

References
1. Karpenko N.I., Yarmakovskiy V.N. To the Standardization of Physical- Mechanical Properties of High Strength Lightweight Aggregate Concrete and to the Calculation Methods of Structures Made of them Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 7, pp. 25–28. (In Russian).
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3. Simonov M.Z. Osnovy tekhnologii legkikh betonov [Technology basics of lightweight concrete]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1973. 583 p.
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9. Yarmakovsky V.N., Pustovgar A.P. The scientific basis for the creation of a composite binders class, characterized of the low heat conductivity and low sorption activity of cement stone. Proceeding of XXIV R-S-P seminar. Theoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering (24RSP). Procedia Engineering. 2015. 111, pp. 864–870.
10. Kaushanskiy V.E. The use of man-made materials in the manufacture of cement. Proceedings of the International scientific-practical conference “Science and technology of silicate materials – present and future date.” MUCTR. D.I. Mendeleev. 14–17 oct. 2003, pp. 36–50. (In Russian).
11. Karpenko N.I., Yarmakovskiy V.N., Shkol’nik Ya.Sh. Status and prospects of the processed products of man-made structures in the construction industry. Ekologiya i promyshlennost’ Rossii. 2012. No. 10, pp. 50–54. (In Russian).
12. Butt Yu.M., Maier A.A., Marshal B.G. Hydration mineralogical components of blast furnace slag. In the book: Questions of slag. Proceedings of the Chelyabinsk “PromstroyNIIproekt”. 1960, pp. 418–446. (In Russian).
13. Gorshkov V.S., Aleksandrov S.E., Ivashchenko S.I., Gorshkova I.V. Kompleksnaya pererabotka i ispol’zovanie metallurgicheskikh shlakov v stroitel’stve [Complex processing and utilization of metallurgical slag in construction]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1985. 273 p.
14. Gemmerling G.V., Tsimermanis L.B. Shlakopemzobeton. [Shlakopemzobeton. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1969. 135 p.
15. Botvinkin O.K. Fizicheskaya khimiya silikatov [Physical chemistry of silicates]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1955. 287 p.
16. Yarmakovskiy V.N On the method of calculation of reinforced concrete structures increased frost resistance. Proceedings NIIZhB “Improving the durability of concrete and reinforced concrete when exposed to aggressive environments”. Moscow: Gosstroi SSSR Stroyizdat. 1975. pp. 34–38. (In Russian).
17. Zaitsev Yu.V. Modelirovanie deformatsiy i prochnosti betona metodami mekhaniki razrusheniya [Simulation of deformation and strength of concrete methods of fracture mechanics]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1982. 196 p.
18. Karpenko N.I. Obshchie modeli mekhaniki zhelezobetona [General mechanics model of reinforced concrete]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1996. 208 p.
19. Patent RF 2421421. Modifikator betona i sposob ego polucheniya [Modifier concrete and its production method]. Yarmakovskiy V.N., Torpishchev Sh.K., Torpishchev F.Sh.; Declared 27.10.2009. Published. 20.06.2011. Bulletin No. 17. (In Russian).

I.Ya. KISELEV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (ikiselyov@bk.ru) Research Institute of Building Physics of RAACS (21, Lokomotivny Passage, 127238, Moscow, Russian Federation)

Method for Accelerated Determination of Equilibrium Sorption Humidity of Light and Cellular Concretes
The method for experimental determination of the equilibrium humidity of building materials has been developed. Room air is bubbled through the water layer and humidifies it up to the relative humidity of about 95%. By cooling the obtained air, its relative humidity is brought up to 100%. Than the air is heated to the temperature at which it is necessary to determine the equilibrium humidity of the material. Thus prepared air, having a predetermined temperature and relative humidity, is continuously pumped through the material sample till reaching its equilibrium humidity. It is experimentally shown that this method makes it possible to determine the equilibrium humidity of light and cellular concretes during 6–8 hours, that is 300–400 times faster than by the desiccator method, in the temperature range of 10–30°C and the air relative humidity of 40–97%, with a relative error not exceeding ±10%.

Keywords: building materials, equilibrium sorption humidity, method for accelerated determination, cellular concrete, light concrete.

References
1. Gagarin V.G., Pastushkov P.P. Quantitative Assessment of Energy Efficiency of Energy Saving Measures. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 6, pp. 7–9. (In Russian).
2. Pastushkov P.P., Pavlenko N.V., Korkina E.V. Using the calculated determination of the operational humidity of thermal insulation materials. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstruktsiya. 2015. No. 4, pp. 168–172. (In Russian).
3. Umnyakova N.P., Butovsky I.N., Chebotarev A.G. Development of the Regulation Methods of Heat Shield of Energy Efficient Buildings. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No 7, pp. 19-21. (In Russian).
4. Gagarin V.G., Pastushkov P.P., Reutova N.A. On the question of the appointment of the estimated moisture content of building materials for sorption isotherm. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstruktsiya. 2015. No. 4, pp. 152–155. (In Russian).
5. Umnyakova N.P., Butovsky I.N., Chebotarev A.G., Matveeva O.I. Improvement of Thermotechnical Design of Buildings Under Climatic Conditions of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2015. No 7, pp. 12–17. (In Russian).
6. Gagarin V.G., Pastushkov P.P. Determination of the estimated moisture content of building materials. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2015. No. 8, pp. 28–33. (In Russian).
7. Patent USA № 3.555.912. Incremental method for surface area and pore size determination. Lowell S.B. Declared 19.01.1991.

T.A. KORNILOV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), I.R. KYCHKIN, Engineer M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University (58, Belinsky Street, Yakutsk, 677000, Russian Federation)

External Enclosing Structures with the Use of Autoclaved Concrete for Frame-Monolithic Buildings of Yakutsk

Structural concepts of walls made of foam concrete blocks of autoclaved hardening for frame-monolithic buildings have been developed with due regard for climatic features of the Far North and on the basis of construction experience. Heat-insulating inserts made of mineral wool are proposed to use in the ends of reinforced concrete floors as additional heat protec tion. The analysis of temperature fields obtained for wall structures with different thickness of heat-insulating inserts is made. Results of the thermal imaging inspection of a high-rise building with external walls made of foam concrete in Yakutsk are presented. The comparison of theoretical values of temperature on the wall surface with factual data is made. Additional ways of improving heat protection properties of wall enclosures with the use of foam concrete blocks are considered.

Keywords: heat protection, autoclaved foam concrete, energy efficiency, temperature fields, enclosing structures, thermal imaging survey.

References
1. Danilov N.D., Sobakin A.A., Fedotov P.A. Optimal insulation of wall junction of frame-monolithic buildings with ventilated cellars. // Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 1–2, pp. 28–31. (In Russian).
2. ATR BGB 4.1-2015. Al’bom uzlov i tekhnicheskikh reshenii dlya primeneniya v proektakh zhilykh i obshchestvennykh zdanii etazhnost’yu bolee 3 etazhei v raionakh s seismichnost’yu 7, 8 i 9 ballov [Album components and technical solutions for use in projects of residential and public buildings building over 3 floors in areas with seismicity of 7, 8 and 9 points]. Irkutsk: Baikal’skiy gazobeton. 2015. 180 p.
3. Album of technical solutions for the construction of residential and public buildings with concrete autoclaved blocks Build Stone®, produced by JSC «GlavBashStroy » in Ufa. Ufa: Institute «BashNIIstroy». 2011. 182 p.
4. Album of technical solutions for the use of products made of autoclaved aerated concrete trademark “H+H” in the construction of residential, public and industrial buildings. Materials for the design and working drawings of units (second edition, revised and enlarged). Sankt- Peterburg: «Н+Н». 2014. 182 p.
5. Umnyakova N.P., Egorova T.S., Cherkas V.E., Belogurov P.B., Andreitseva K.S. Rise of energy efficiency level in buildings by increasing the heat engineering uniformity of external walls in pairing area with balcony slabs. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 6, pp. 17–19. (In Russian).
6. Umnyakova N.P., Egorova T.S., Andreitseva K.S., Smirnov V.A., Lobanov V.A., The new design solution coupled with monolithic external walls of intermediate floors and balcony slabs. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 6, pp. 28–31. (In Russian).
7. Gagarin V.G., Dmitriev K.A. Account of thermal nonuniformities during estimation of thermal performance of building enclosures in Russia and European countries. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 6, pp. 14–16. (In Russian).
8. Gorshkov A.S., Rymkevich P.P., Vatin N.I. About thermotechnical heterogeneity of the two-layer wall construction. Energosberezhenie. 2014. No. 7, pp. 58–63. (In Russian).
9. Kuznetsov A.V. Thermal insulation for interface with the disk walls overlap in monolithic homes. Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2013. No. 8, pp. 32–35. (In Russian).
10. Danilov N.D., Sobakin A.A., Slobodchikov E.G., Fedotov P.A., Prokop’ev V.V. Analysis of the formation of the temperature field of the outer wall with reinforced concrete faade panel. Zhilishchnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2013. No. 11, pp. 46–49. (In Russian).

V.S. SEMENOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (science-isa@yandex.ru), T.A. ROZOVSKAYA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (tamara.roz@yandex.ru), A.Yu. GUBSKIY, Engineer (levian21@bk.ru) National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

Prospects of Using Recycled Polyester Fibers for Manufacturing Heat- and Sound Insulation Materials

The article considers the prospects of the use of recycled polyester fibers (textile tire cord fibers from waste automobile tires) as a raw material for the production of effective thermal and acoustic insulation materials. The research works have been carried out in accordance with standard test methods. The basic properties of insulation materials with recycled polyes ter fibers (with average density values of 50 kg/m 3, 75 kg/m³ and 100 kg/m³) have been studied; the influence of the binder amount on the basic properties of the materials has been studied as well. The results of study of the sound-insulating ability of the developed materials are given. The economic expediency of the use of recycled polyester fibers for the produc tion of thermal and acoustic insulation materials has been analyzed. The semi-rigid thermal and acoustic insulation materials with the average density of 50–100 kg/m ³, the thermal con ductivity coefficient of 0.041–0.048 W/(m·°C), the water absorption (by mass) of 24–39%, the normal sound absorption coefficient of 0.2–0.97 (within the range of 500–4000 Hz) were obtained, and the predicted material cost is by 3–5 times less than the cost of traditional insulating materials.

Keywords: thermal insulation material, acoustic insulation material, textile tire cord fibers, polyester fibers, recycled raw materials.

References
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3. Minko N.I., Puchka O.V., Yevtushenko E.I., Narcev V.М., Sergeev S.V. Foamed glass is a modern and inor ganic insulating material. Fundamental’nye issledovaniya. 2013. No. 6–4, pp. 849–854. (In Russian).
4. Osipov A.N. Foamed glass is an energy efficiency, fire pro tection, thermal insulation material. Krovel’nye i izolyatsi onnye materialy. 2013. No. 2, pp. 17–18. (In Russian).
5. Evmenov S.D., Sielienina E.B. Obtaining of fibrous heat- insolated materials as the disposal method for the out-of- use package made of polyethyleneterephthalate. Vestnik KuzGTU. 2009. No. 2, pp. 186–189. (In Russian).
6.used tires: international experience. Tverdye bytovye otk
7. Besedin S.A., Khabarova E.I. Ways of reducing waste from the tire industry. Vestnik MITKhT. Seriya: Sotsial’no gumanitarnye nauki i ekologiya. 2015. No 2. Vol. 2, pp. 55–61. (In Russian).
8. Marijana Serdar, Ana Baričević, Stjepan Lakušić, Dubravka Bjegović Special purpose concrete products from waste tyre recyclates. Građevinar. 2013. No. 65, pp. 793–801.
9. Ivanov K.S., Surikova T.B. Recycling of used tires. Priorities for the development of national tractor ma- chine engineering and training of engineering and scien- tific personnel: Proceedings of the 65 th International scien tific and engineering conference. Book 10. Moscow. 2009. 66 p. (In Russian).
10. Benazzouk A., Douzane O., Langlet T., Mezreb K., Roucoult J., Queneudec M. Physico-mechanical proper ties and water absorption of cement composite containing shredded rubber wastes. Cement and Concrete Composites. 2007. No. 29, pp. 732–740.

A.D. ZHUKOV ¹ , Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (lj211@yandex.ru); E.Yu. BOBROVA ² , Candidate of Sciences (Economics); I.V. BESSONOV ³ , Candidate of Sciences (Engineering); I.B. ZELENSHCHIKOV ¹ , Engineer
1 Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoye Shosse, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation)
2 National Research University “Higher School of Economics” (20, Miasnitskaya Street, 101000, Moscow, Russian Federation)
3 Research Institute of Building Physics of RAACS (21, Lokomotivny Passage, 127238, Moscow, Russian Federation)

Methodology of Assessment of Heat Insulating Products Properties

The formation of the insulating shell of a building is based on the use of efficient insulating materials and construction systems, corresponding to them. Professional design and correct assembling of these systems make it possible, along with energy saving, to improve the level of ecological safety of structures and comfort degree of premises. Increase in the durability of construction systems is also important factor. It is shown that the formation of efficient insulating shell of a building is possible only with due regard for features of heat insulating layer operation in the structure and the use of qualitative materials which maintain their characteristics both at early stages of operation and during the whole calcu lated period. The first is achieved by skillful design, the second – by possibility to evaluate the heat insulation properties and predict the change in these properties in time under conditions of the construction site directly. The methodology of assessment of properties of heat insulating products, which includes two main components: a unit for testing and corresponding methods of testing, as well as methods for assessing the operational durability is considered. The methodology of conducting accelerated tests and predicting the durability is tested for mineral wool products of layered, corrugated, and volume-oriented structures. The test results give a good convergence with the methods recommended by building regulations.

Keywords: energy saving, mineral wool products, durability, methodology, construction system.

References
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3. Ponomarev V.B. Improved production technology and improve the quality of insulation and composite materials based on glass fibers and minerals. Proceedings of the International scientific-practical conference “Effective heat and sound insulating materials in modern construction and housing and communal services”. Moscow: MGSU. 2006, pp. 109–118. (In Russian).
4. Zhukov A.D., Smirnova T.V., Zelenshchikov D.B., Khimich A.O. Thermal treatment of the mineral wool mat. Advanced Materials Research. 2014. Vol. 838–841. Рp. 196–200.
5. Gnip I., Vaitkus S., Kersulis V., Vejelis S. Long-term prediction of creep strains of mineral wool slabs under constant compressive stress. Mechanics of Time-Depend Materials. 2012. Vol. 16. Iss. 1. Рр. 31–46.
6. Eydukyavichyus K.K. Increasing the strength of mineral wool products by a given orientation of the fibers. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction Materials].1984. No. 6, pp. 6–8. (In Russian).
7. Orechkin D.V., Semenov V.S. Modern Materials And Sistems In The Construction Are Perspective Direction Of Teaching Of Construction Specialties. Stroitel’nye ma terialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 7, pp. 92–94. (In Russian).
8. Bobrov Yu.L. Ekspresen metod i laboratorno oborudo vane za pretsenka na kachestvata na porestitemateriali. Tezisina doklada mezhdunarodnata nauchno-prakticheska konferentsiya«Progresivni metodi za kachestveniya kontrol – problemi i reshatata pri vnedryavyneto im». Sofiya. 1985, pр. 43–44. (In Bulgarian).
9. Pilipenko A.S., Perfilov V.A., Mat’kov K.V. Improving the efficiency of mineral wool technology. Vestnik MGSU. 2016. No. 3, pp. 86–92. (In Russian).

S.S. VAISERA¹, Engineer (vaisera_sergei@mail.ru), O.V. PUCHKA¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (oleg8a@mail.ru) V.S. LESOVIK¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering); I.V. BESSONOV ², Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (bessonoviv@mail.ru); S.V. SERGEEV³ , Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
1 Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov (46, Kostyukov Street, Belgorod, 308012, Russian Federation)
2 Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy architecture and construction sciences (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)
3 “Dorozhnoe ekspluatatsionnoe predpriyatie № 96» JSC (17, Stroitel’naya Street, Belgorod Region, Streletskoye Village, 308511, Russian Federation)

Efficient Acoustic Glass Composites*

Protection against noise, one of the main unfavorable factors of the human environment, has become an integral part of issues concerning the design, construction and reconstruction of cities. The most promising direction of this problem solution is the use of highly efficient sound absorbing and sound insulating materials, acoustic glass composites on the basis of foam glass. The authors have developed a complex blowing agent which contributes to producing glass composites with the maximal фьщгте of polymodal open porosity (the presence of open pores of various sizes within the lower and upper limits of coarseness) for creation of the optimal acoustic resistance. Comparative analysis of properties confirmed the competiveness of the developed material with respect to ensuring the acoustic comfort in the premises; its inorganic composition and sustainability of properties makes this material the most preferable when selecting acoustic materials.

Keywords: foam glass, blowing agent, sound insulation, noise absorption, porosity.

References
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3. Osipov A.N. Foamed glass is an energy efficiency, fire protection, thermal insulation material. Krovel’nye i izol jacionnye materialy. 2013. No. 2, pp. 17–18. (In Russian).
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5. Semukhin B.S., Altareva L.M., Votinov A.V., Oparenkov YU.V., Foam glassceramics structure and properties con trol. Vestnik of Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building. 2015. No. 3 (50), pp. 171–177. (In Russian).
6. Erofeyev V.T., Smirnov V.F., Bogatova S.N., Bogatov A.D., Kaznacheev S.V. Biostable construction composites on the basis of waste the glass. Vestnik of the Volgograd state architectural and construction university. Series: Stroitel’stvo i arhitektura. 2009. No. 16, pp. 122–126. (In Russian).
7. Vaisman Ya.I., Ketov A.A., Ketov P.A. Scientific and technological aspects of production of a foamglass. Fizika j khimiya stekla. 2015. Vol. 41. No. 2, pp. 214–221. (In Russian).
8. Radouckiy V.Ju., Vetrova Ju.V. Theoretical and experi mental researches of sound insulation ability of insulation boards on the basis of foam glass. Vestnik BGTU. 2015. No. 5, pp. 45–49. (In Russian).
9. Cukernikov I.E., Tihomirov L.A., Solomatin E.O., Salty kov I.P., Kochkin N.A. Solution of problems of engineering acoustics as a factor of ensuring the safety and comfort of living in buildings. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 6, pp. 49–52. (In Russian).
10. Semuhin B.S., Votinov A.V., Kaz’mina O.V., Kovalev G.I. Influence of small additives of zirconium dioxide on properties of foam glass materials. Vestnik TGASU. 2014. No. 6 (47), pp. 123–131. (In Russian).
11. Patent RF 2266874. Shihta dlja izgotovlenija penostekla [The mixture for making foamed glass]. Baljasnikov V.I., Kirichenko S.Je., Shutov A.I., Mos’pan V.I., Volja P.A. Declared 20.02.2012. Published 10.11.2003. Bulletin No. 2. (In Russian).

V.G. GAGARIN¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Corresponding member of RAACS (gagarinvg@yandex.ru), V.V. KOZLOV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering); K.I. LUSHIN ², Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (kirilllushin@gmail.com), N.Yu. PLYUSHCHENKO² , Engineer
1 Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy architecture and construction sciences (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)
2 National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)

Accounting of Heat-Conducting Inclusions and a Ventilated Layer When Calculating the Resistance to Heat Transfer of a Wall with Hinged Façade System (HFS)

Air conditions in the ventilated air layer of hinged façade systems are considered. The model of heat transfer in enclosing structures with the ventilated air layer is formulated; according to this model, the heat exchange of the enclosing structure with the outdoor environment is presented by two flows – the first, with boundary conditions in the air layer with due regard for its air conditions, the second – with boundary conditions on the surface of façade cladding with due regard for the impact of solar radiation. In accordance with the model, formulas for calculating the coefficient of heat transfer and reduced resistance to the heat transfer of structures with HFS have been obtained. Data on the calculation of the reduced resistance to heat transfer of structures with HFS and the resistance of the air layer to heat transfer are presented.

Keywords: hinged façade system, reduced resistance to heat transfer, air layer, thermal-technical heterogeneity.

References
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8. Gagarin V.G., Kozlov V.V. Methods of verification to dropping out condensate in the air gap ventilated facade. Scientific and technical conference dedicated to the 50 th anniversary of NIISF RAASN: «Building Physics in the XXI century». Moscow: NIISF RAASN, 25–27 September 2006, pp.73–80. (In Russian).
9. Umnyakova N.P. Heat insulating properties of operated curtain ventilated façade structures. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2011. No. 2, pp. 2–6. (In Russian).
10. Gagarin V.G., Guvernjuk S.V., Kozlov V.V., Ledenev P.V., Tsykanovsky E.J. Results of researches of properties of hinged facade systems with the ventilated air layer in the frame of the grant of the russian fundamental researches fund «Aerothermosphysics of nontight bodies in low speed air streams». Academia. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo. 2010. No. 3, pp. 261–278. (In Russian).
11. Gagarin V.G., Kozlov V.V. Theoretical preconditions for calculation of reduced resistance to heat transfer of enclosing structures. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 12, pp. 4–12. (In Russian).
12. Gagarin V.G., Neklyudov A.Yu. Accounting of thermal bridges of enclosures when determining heat load on the heating system of the building. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 6, pp. 3–7. (In Russian).
13. Gagarin V.G., Dmitriev K.A. Accounting heat engineering heterogeneities when assessing the thermal protection of enveloping structures in Russia and European countries. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 6, pp. 14–16. (In Russian).
14. Gagarin V.G., Kozlov V.V. The calculation of the reduced resistance heat transfer of facades with a ventilated air gap. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2005. No. 2, pp. 34–36. (In Russian).
15. Gagliano A., Patania F., Nocera F., Ferlito A., Galesi A. Thermal performance of ventilated roofs during summer period. Energy and Buildings. 2012. Vol. 49, pp. 611–618.
16. Hensen J., Bartak M., Drkal F. Modeling and simulation of a double-skin facade system. ASHRAE Transactions. 2002. Vol. 108. Part 2, pp. 1251–1259.
17. Mingottia N., Chenvidyakarna T., Woodsb A.W. The fluid mechanics of the natural ventilation of a narrowcavity double-skin façade. Building and Environment.

V.S.ROYFE, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (roife@mail.ru) Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy architecture and construction sciences (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)

Calculation of Moisture Distribution through the Thickness of an Enclosing Structure under Natural Conditions

On the basis of modeling the non-uniform electric field in the controlled volume of the material with the uneven distribution of moisture, the problem of measuring the local humidity without breaking the integrity of the enclosing structure was analytically solved with the use of the capacity transducer of a planar design in the three-dimensional space. Dependences for the quantitative assessment of layer-by-layer sensitivity of the transducer and the contribution of separate layers in the measuring results have been obtained; a computer program for calculations has been developed.

Keywords: enclosing structures, operation humidity, capacity transducer, sensitivity, non-uniformity.

References
1. Pastushkov P.P., Pavlenko N.V., Korkina E.V. Use of settlement determination of operational humidity of heat-insulating materials. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstrukcija. 2015. No. 4 (60), pp. 168–172. (In Russian).
2. Gagarin V.G., Pastushkov P.P., Reutova N.A. To a question of purpose of settlement humidity of construction materials on a sorption isotherm. Stroitel’stvo i rekonstrukcija. 2015. No. 4 (60), pp. 152–155. (In Russian).
3. Gagarin V.G., Pastushkov P.P. Determination of settlement humidity of construction materials. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2015. No. 8, pp. 41–44. (In Russian).
4. Royfe V.S. Pilot studies of a moist condition of building constructions. Vestnik MGSU. 2011. No. 3. Vol. 2, pp. 104–108. (In Russian).
5. Royfe V.S. Express-methods of complex nondestructive testing of heat engineering conditions of buildings’ enclosing structures. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2011. No. 1, pp. 21–24. (In Russian).
6. Royfe V.S. Some problems of determining the moisture content of enclosing structures materials of buildings. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction materials]. 2015. No. 6, pp. 23–35. (In Russian).
7. Tsimring Sh.E. Special’nye funkcii [Special functions]. Moscow: Radio i svyaz’. 1983. 119 p.
8. Dvait G.B. Tablicy integralov i drugie matematicheskie formuly. [Tables of integrals and other mathematical formulas]. Moscow: Nauka. 1973. 228 p.

V.N. KUPRIYANOV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Corresponding member of RAACS (kuprivan@kgasu.ru), A.S. PETROV, Engineer-architect (ortemk@me.com) Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering (1, Zelenaya Street, Kazan, 420043, Russian Federation)

Moisture Condition of Enclosing Structures with Due Regard for Variable Value of Vapor Permeability of Materials

Thermal-physical properties and durability of enveloping structures are interconnected with their temperature-moisture conditions of operation and the humidity of materials used. The vaporous moisture passing through the enclosing structure can humidify its material layers due to the processes of sorption and condensation. Engineering methods for calcu lation of the humidity conditions use the constant coefficient of vapor permeability, but numerous studies show its significant dependence on the humidity of materials. Taking into consideration that in the cross-section of the enclosing structure, a gradient of relative air humidity exists, it is possible to assume that the values of vapor permeability of material layers will not be permanent and they must be taken into account when forecasting the moisture condition. The conducted study proves the need for accounting of variable values of the vapor permeability coefficient at the stage of designing external enveloping structures. It is shown that the accounting of the variable value of vapor permeability significantly influences on the quantitative assessment of the humidity condition of the structure, for the period of moisture accumulation and calculated quantity of moisture passing through the structure particularly.

Keywords: vapor permeability, enclosing structures, humidification, sorption humidity.

References
1. Chi Feng, Qinglin Meng, Ya Feng, Hans Janssen. Influence of pre-conditioning methods on the cup test results. 6 th International Building Physics Conference. 2015. Vol. 78, pp. 1383–1388.
2. Galbraith G.H., McLean R.C., Guo J.S. Moisture permeability data presented as a mathematical function applicable to heat and moisture transport models. BS’97. 1997. Vol. 1.
3. Jepshtejn A.S. Mekhanizm dvizheniya vlagi v nekotorykh stroitel’nykh materialakh pri perepade temperatur [The mechanism of moisture movement in some building materials at difference of temperatures]. Kiev: Izdat. Akademii arhitektury Ukrainskoj SSR, 1953. 16 p.
4. Vajcekauskas V.S. Waterpermeability of sorption-moist capillary-porous building materials research. Cand. Diss. (Engineering). Kaunas. 1975. (In Russian).
5. Monstvilas Je.Je. Improving calculating of fence moisture condition at unsteady conditions of moisture transfer. Cand. Diss. (Engineering). Moscow. 1982. 232 p. (In Russian).
6. Patent RF useful model patent 128718. Ustroistvo dlya izmereniya paropronitsaemosti stroitel’nykh materialov [Water vapor transmission rate test system]. Kupriyanov V.N., Petrov A.S. Declared 2012155972/28, 21.12.2012. Published 27.05.2013. (In Russian).
7. Petrov A.S., Kupriyanov V.N. Influence of temperature and humidity conditions for the operation of construction materials on their vapor permeability. Izvestiya KGASU. 2015. No. 1 (31), pp. 92–98. (In Russian).
8. Kupriyanov V.N., Safin I.Sh. Quantitative parameters of vapor condensation in exterior walls. Izvestiya KGASU. 2013. No. 4 (26), pp. 121–128. (In Russian).
9. Kupriyanov V.N., Ivantsov A.I. Condensation of water vapor in the external walls with daily fluctuations of the outside temperature. Privolzhskiy nauchnyy zhurnal. 2013. No. 2, pp. 17–22. (In Russian).
10. Ivantsov A.I., Kupriyanov V.N. Operating mode of multilayer wall enclosing structures as a basis for predicting their life. Izvestiya KGASU. 2014. No. 3 (29), pp. 32–40. (In Russian).

N.V. KUZNETSOVA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (nata-kus@mail.ru), D.A. YAKOVLEV, student (redaktir@gmail.com), A.D. SELEZNYOV, student (selezen95@yandex.ru) Tambov State Technical University (106 Sovetskya Street, Tambov, 392000, Russian Federation)

Design of Mixes of Cement Heat Insulation Materials with the Use of Wood Waste
The possibility of production of cement heat insulation materials using wood waste with specified physical-mechanical properties is considered. For this purpose, the influence of mix component ratio, such as sawdust/cement, sand/cement, lime/cement, and water/cement on the heat conduction coefficient, strength, and density of material are studied. Studies are conducted according to the plan which makes it possible to define the component ratio by the interpolation method. Graphs of the dependence of the heat conduction coefficient and strength on sawdust/cement and water/cement ratios at unchanged sand/cement and lime/cement ratios are presented. The possible compositions of mixes for producing cement heat insulation materials with specified values of heat conduction coefficients were determined. On the basis of study results, possible fields of application of these cement heat insulation materials with the use of wood waste are presented.

Keywords: cement heat insulation materials, wood-cement composites, wood processing, heat conduction coefficient.

References
1. Kolesnikova A.V. Analysis of formation and use of wood waste at enterprises of timber industry complex of Russia. Aktual’nye voprosy ekonomicheskikh nauk. 2013. No. 33, pp. 116–120. (In Russan).
2. Borzunova A.G., Zinov’eva I.S. Complex processing of wood raw material. Disposal of waste wood. Uspekhi sovremennogo estestvoznaniya. 2012. No. 4, pp. 180–181. (In Russan).
3. Gornostaeva E.Yu., Lasman I.A., Fedorenko E.A,, Kamoza E.V. Wood-cement compositions with a modified structure at the macro-, micro- and nanoscale. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2015. No.11, pp. 13–17. (In Russan).
4. Leonovich A.A., Voitova T.N. Increasing ecological safety chipboard. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Lesnoi zhurnal. 2014.No. 6, pp. 120–129. (In Russan).
5. Nanazashvili I.Kh. Stroitel’nye materialy iz drevesnotsementnoi kompozitsii [Building materials made of wood-cement composition]. L.: Stroуizdat. 1990. 415 p.
6. Dvorkin L.I., Dvorkin O.L. Proektirovanie sostavov betonov s zadannymi svoistvami [Design of concrete compositions with desired properties]. Rovno: izdatel’stvo RGTU. 1999. 197 p.
7. Krasovskii G.I., Filaretov G.F. Planirovanie eksperimenta [Planning experiment ]. Minsk: BGU im. V.I. Lenina, 1982. 302p.
8. Zaprudnov V.I., Sanaev V.G. The macroscopic properties of wood-cement composites. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta lesa – Lesnoi vestnik. 2012. No. 6 (89), pp. 168–171. (In Russan).

V.A. EZERSKIY¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), professor (wiz75micz@rambler.ru); N.V. KUZNETSOVA², Сandidate of Sciences (Engineering), O.S. BARINOVA ², master student (barinova.olia2015@yandex.ru)
1 Bialystok University of Technology (45A, Wiejska Street,15-351, Biaystok, Poland)
2 Tambov State Technical University (106, Sovetskya Street, Tam-bov, 392000, Russian Federation)

Modification of Сement Mixtures Using Waste Cement-Bonded Particleboards
The possibility of using the waste production of cement-bonded wood parcel board wastes (CBPB wastes) as an additive in composite materials. For mixtures of various compositions prepared in accordance with the experimental plan investigated compressive strength and flexural strength, water consumption, and mixing the mixture density of the samples according to the factors of composite solid phase. A mathematical model of the compressive strength as a function of these factors are representant. Mixing ratio for the reference point selected with the maximum possible recycling of waste and com-pensate for the loss of material strength with the addition of CBPB wastes are defined. The optimal dosage and plasticizers water-mix relationship for practical purposes associated with the disposal of waste and an increase in CBPB wastes properties obtained cement composites are identified.

Keywords: resource conservation, waste production, cement-bonded wood parcel board wastes, cement composites, physical and mechanical properties, modification of cement mixtures.

References
1. About company ZAO “TAMAK” [electronic resourse]. http://www.tamak.ru/about/ (date of access 19.03.2016 )
2. Dvorkin L.I. Construction materials from waste of the industry. Rostov n/D: Feniks. 2007, 368 p.
3. Stepanova V.F. Prospects of application of composites in production of concrete and reinforced concrete. Tekhnologii betonov. 2015. No. 9–10 (110–111), pp. 8–9.
4. Gornostaeva E.Yu., Lasman I.A., Fedorenko E.A., Kamoza E.V. Wood and cement compositions with the modified structure on macro-, micro and nanolevels. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2015. No. 11, pp. 13–17. (In Russian).
5. Baranov I.M. Problems of selection of compositions of multicomponent special concrete. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 12, pp. 20–24. (In Russian).
6. Efremova O.V., Gryzlov V.S., Sviridov B.D. Features tree slag phase formation of the composite material. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 1, pp. 66–67. (In Russian).
7. Nanazashvili I.Kh. Stroitel’nye materialy iz drevesnotsementnoi kompozitsii [Building materials made of wood-cement composition]. L.: Stroiizdat. 1990. 415 p.

L.A. GULABYANTS, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (lor267gg@yandex.ru) Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy architecture and construction sciences (RAACS) (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow, 127238, Russian Federation)

Engineering Method for Predictive Valuation of Radon Concentration in a Designed Building

A method for the prognostic calculation of the radon concentration in the building is proposed. The indoor air, enclosing structures, earth foundation of the building, and outdoor air are considered as interconnected elements of a single system. The calculation takes into account the dependence of radon inflow from the soil into the premises of the lower floor of the building on its width and depth of laying the foundation.

Keywords: building, radon concentration, soil foundation, radon loading, resistance to radon penetration.

References
1. Specific Safety Guide No. SSG-32. Protection of the public against exposure indoors due to radon and other natural sources of radiation. (http://www-pub.iaea.org/ MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1651Web-62473672. pdf). Electronic resource.
2. Kiselev S.M., Zhukovskiy M.V Modern approaches to the protection of the population against radon. International experience of regulation. Radiacionnaya gigiena. 2014. Vol. 7. No. 4, pp. 48–52. (In Russian).
3. Yarmoshenko I.V., Malinovskiy G.P., Vasil’ev A.V., Zhukovskiy M.V. Review of the IAEA recommendations on protection from exposure to radon in homes. ANRI. 2015. No. 4, pp. 22–27. (In Russian).
4. Art Nash, Roxie Rodgers Dinstel. Understanding, testing for and mitigating radon. Published by the University of Alaska Fairbanks Cooperative Extension Service in cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture. (https://www.uaf.edu/files/ces/publications-db/catalog/ eeh/RAD-00760.pdf). Electronic resource.
5. Marenniy A.M., Miklyaev P.S. and all. Integrated monitoring studies the formation of ground radon fields arrays. Part 4 – the results of the monitoring of radon in soil masses. ANRI. 2015. No. 3, pp. 52–63. (In Russian).
6. Marenniy A.M., Miklyaev P.S. and all. Integrated monitoring studies the formation of ground radon fields arrays. Part 5 – the results of laboratory determination of the radiation-physical properties of soil masses. ANRI. 2015. No. 3, pp. 64–72. (In Russian).
7. Marennyj A.M., Mikljaev P.S. i dr. Integrated monitoring studies the formation of ground radon fields arrays. Part 6 analysis of the patterns of temporal variations of radon field. ANRI. 2015. No. 4, pp. 9–21. (In Russian).
8. Radon and its decay products in indoor air. Edited by Nazarov W.W. and Nero A.V. California: Wiley. 1988. 518 p.
9. Gulabyanc L.A., Livshic M.I. Radon transport theory of soil foundation in building. RAACS basic research for the scientific support of development of architecture, urban planning and construction industry in the Russian Federation in 2012: Collection of scientific papers. RAACS; VolgGASU. 2013, pp. 508–513. (In Russian).

D.Yu. ZHELDAKOV¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), A.A FROLOV², Engineer (a.frolov@proekt-ts.su), S.Yu. IVANOV³, Chief Engineer (6752016@mail.ru)
1 Scientific-Research Institute of Building Physics of the Russian Academy architecture and construction sciences (21, Lokomotivniy Driveway, Moscow,127238, Russian
2 OOO «Proekttehstroy» (7 build.1, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow,115230 , Russian)
3 OOO NPF «Tehnoeco» (5 build.1, Vernadskogo avn., Moscow,119296 , Russian)

Study of Masonry Durability in the Kadashevski Baths Building

The examination of the brick exterior bearing walls of the Kadashevsky baths building , built in 1905. The study of archival documents has allowed to establish the functionality of the different rooms, their inner and outer finish, which allowed more accurately determine the temperature and humidity conditions surveyed walling. The data distribution of bricks and masonry strength solution of the cross section of the outer walls are given. Based on these results are proved that the strength of the masonry over the section of the building envelope can greatly vary. The minimum strength of masonry in the cross section will not necessarily be on the outer surface of the building envelope. Based on the theory of moisture and mete orological data provides a scientific basis of the results are obtained.

Keywords: masonry, strength, study, cladding.

References
1. Archive of Department of cultural heritage of the city of Moscow, quarter 402, No. 1277/88; No. 748/07, quarter 69.
2. TsANTD, Yakimanskayachast’, No. 234/170, 174, 184, ed. khr. 2, 5, 6, 12, 13.
3. TsIAM, f. 179, op. 62, d. 17844; f. 46, op. 7, d. 6145; f. 171, op. 1, d. 1176.
4. Recommendations about inspection and assessment of technical condition of large-panel and stone buildings]. Moscow: TsNIISKim. V.A. Kucherenko. 1988. 36 p.
5. Manual on inspection of structures of buildings. Moscow: AO «TsNIIPROMZDANII». 2004.
6. Zubanov S.V., Tkachev E.V. Determination of durability of a silicate brick and laying by non-destructive control methods.Vestnik SGASU. Gradostroitel’stvo i arkhitektura. 2013. No. 3 (11), pp. 90–96. (In Russian).
7. Zubkov S.V., Ulybin A.V., Fedotov S.D. Research of mechanical properties of a bricklaying by method of flat jacks. Inzhenerno-stroitel’nyizhurnal. 2015. No. 8, pp. 20–29. (In Russian).
8. Fokin K.F.Construction thermophysics of the protecting parts of buildings. Moscow: AVOK-press. 2006. 256 p.
9. Gagarin V.G. The theory of a state and moisture transfer in construction materials and heat-shielding properties of the protecting designs of buildings. Doct. Diss. (Engineering). Moscow. 2000. 396 p. (In Russian).
10. Gagarin V.G., Zubarev K.P., Kozlov V.V. Definition of a zone of the maximum moistening in walls with facade heat-insulating composite systems with external plaster layers. Vestnik Tomskogogo sudarstvennogo arkhitekturnostroitel’nogo universiteta. 2016. No. 1 (54), pp. 125–132. (In Russian).

V.G. KUZNETSOV¹, President, General Director, I.P. KUZNETSOV¹, Commercial Director (astik_kp@mail.ru); A.V. LYAPUNOV², Chief Engineer, A.P. BLYUDENOV ², Foreman Enrichment, B.Yu. GONTARENKO² , Chief Technology Enrichment Plant (boris.gontarenko@evraz.com)
1 “As-Tik KP” OOO (16, Teterinskiy Lane, Moscow, 109004, Russian Federation)
2 “EVRAZ KGOK” (2, Sverdlova Street, 624350, Kachkanar, Sverdlovsk Region, Russian Federation)

The Use of Polymeric Materials to Eliminate the Buildup of Wet Magnetitic Concentrate on Work Surfaces of Equipment on Enrichment Plant AO «EVRAZ KGOK»

When using the technological equipment in the enrichment plant AO «EVRAZ KGOK» a significant build-up of humidified titanium-magnetitic concentrate on work surfaces are noticed. The results of industrial tests of polymer lining plates of normal execution – ASTIKI on the working surfaces of the process equipment show their reliability and high efficiency in the fight against adhesion of moistened titanium-magnetitic concentrate.

Keywords: technological equipment, titanium-magnetitic concentrate, adhesion, polymer lining plate of normal execution – ASTIKI, reliability, efficiency.

References
1. Kuznetsov V.G., Kuznetsov I.P. Determination of lining anti adhering polymer plate thickness for different operating conditions of the equipment. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2007. No. 5, pp. 13–14. (In Russian).
2. Kuznetsov V.G., Kuznetsov I.P., Kopylov S.V., Sitnikov N.S. and all. Proper selection of polymeric anti sticky lining plates – the key to efficient operation of process equipment. Gorniy zhurnal. 2008. No. 4, pp. 80–81. (In Russian).
3. Kuznetsov V.G., Novikova T.N., Kuznetsov I.P. Enhancement of efficiency of the use of production equipment at transportation and reloading of wetted ironore concentrate and fluxed damp pellets. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 1, pp. 22–23. (In Russian).
4. Kuznetsov V.G., Kuznetsov I.P., Borodin A.A., Ivannikov D.I., Zaostrovsky P.V., Anufriev D.A., Mokrousov N.S. Factory production of bunkers equipped with efficient means of struggle with adhering of materials – PPFP-Astiki. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2013. No. 5, pp. 55–57. (In Russian).
5. Kuznetsov V.G., Novikova T.N., Kuznetsov I.P., Kochetov E.V. Efficient operation of process equipment in the factory pelletizing JSC «Mikhailovsky GOK» when working on moist raw materials. Gornyi zhurnal. 2013. No. 12, pp. 71–73. (In Russian).
6. Kuznetsov V.G., Novikova T.N., Kuznetsov I.P., Kochetov E.V. Enhancement of efficiency of using mountain-transport and technological equipmentof nonferrous metallurgy enterprises on wetted sticky materials. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2014. No. 1–2, pp. 84–87. (In Russian).
7. Kuznetsov V.G., Kochetov E.V., Kuznetsov I.P. Improved utilization of the joint system “career backhoe dump” when working on moist loose overburden. Ugol’. 2015. No. 2, pp. 4–5. (In Russian).

On the 100th Anniversary of Grigoriy I. Gorchakov

Study of Durability, Composition, Structure and Properties of Cement Systems The article deals with the life in the science of Prof. Gorchakov, doctor of technical sciences, Professor, laureate of the State Prize of the USSR, the head of Department of Building materials of the Moscow Civil Engineering Institute from 1968 to 1989 years. The article describes the stages of development of research of durability, porosity, frost resistance of cement stone and concrete taking into account the weight of cement and water, the water cement relation, the degree of hydration. The article presents the thoughts of Prof. Gorchakov on development of scientific bases of building materials science. The article considers the ways of predicting the properties of construction materials due to the use of structural models of heterogeneous systems. The article states that the scientific concept of Prof. Gorchakov on composition, structure and properties of cement stones, concrete and other building materials is relevant now.

Keywords: construction materials, Portland cement, concrete, durability, composition, structure, porosity.

References
1. Gorchakov G.I. Cement for construction in sea water. Proceedings NIICement. Moscow: Promstroyizdat. 1951. Vol. 4, pp. 56–62. (In Russian).
2. Gorchakov G.I., Orentlikher L.P., Lifanov I.I., Muradov E.G. Povyshenie treshchinostojkosti i vodostojkosti lyogkih betonov [Increasing the crack resistance and water resistance of lightweight concretes]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1971. 158 p.
3. Gorchakov G.I., Orentlikher L.P., Savin V.I., Voronin V.V., Alimov L.A., Novikova I.P. Sostav, struktura i svojstva cementnyh betonov [The composition, structure and properties of cement concrete]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1976. 145 p.
4. Gorchakov G.I., Solovyev V.I., Tomashpolsky A.L., Higerovich M.I. Additives hydrophobising acts as a factor of technical and economic efficiency of cements and concretes. Research and application of concrete with superplasticizers. Moscow: NIIZhB. 1982. pp. 130–135. (In Russian).
5. Gorchakov G.I., Bazhenov Yu.M. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction materials]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1986. 688 p.
6. Gorchakov G.I., Lifanov I.I., Terekhin L.N. Koehfficienty temperaturnogo rasshireniya i temperaturnye deformacii stroitel’nyh materialov [The coefficients of thermal expansion, and thermal deformation of building materials]. Moscow: Publisher standards. 1969. 167 p.
7. Gorchakov G.I., Higerovich M.I., Ivanov O.M. et al. Vyazhushchie veshchestva, betony i izdeliya iz nih [Binders, concrete and products made of them]. Moscow: Higher School. 1976. 294 p.
8. Gorchakov G.I., Lifanov I.I., Oreshkin D.V. The use of cement composite material with hollow glass microspheres for warming the interior surface of the end walls of houses. Express information «Current status and trends of big cities in the USSR and abroad». Moscow: MGTSNTI. 1989. p. 2. (In Russian).
9. Gorchakov G.I. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction materials]. Moscow: Higher School. 1981. 412 p.
10. Sakharov G.P., Gorchakov G.I. About the concept of creation of materials science of building materials with predetermined properties functionally. Proceedings of the Scientific Conference dedicated to the memory of GI Gorchakov and the 75th anniversary since the founding of the Department of Building Materials MSUCE. Moscow: MSUCE. 2009. pp. 217–226. (In Russian).

R.A. PLATOVA¹, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (raisa.platova@yandex.ru); V.A. RASSULOV², Candidate of Sciences (Geology and Mineralogy); Yu.T. PLATOV ¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering); T.M. ARGYNBAEV³ , General Director, Z.V. STAFEEVA³, Deputy Director for Production
1 Plekhanov Russian University of Economics (36, Stremyanny Lane, 117997, Moscow, Russian Federation)
2 All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Mineral Resources named after N.M.Fedorovsky (31, Staromonetny lane, 119017, Moscow, Russian Federation)
3 LLC «Plast-Rifey» (1, Magnitogorskiy Trakt, Plast city, Chelyabinsk Region, Russian Federation) Luminescence Control of Pozzolanic Activity of Metakaolin

The study of spectra of photoluminescence of metakaolin has been conducted; two bands of optically active centers (OAC) Fe³⁺ и [UO2]2+ have been identified. It is established that the change in the intensity of the band OAC Fe ³⁺ in the photoluminescence spectrum is connected with the change in the phase composition and pozzolanic activity of metakaolin. The intensity of the band OAC Fe ³⁺ in the photoluminescence spectrum of metakaolin depends on a number of factors: temperature of heat treatment, content of Fe ₂O₃ in the composition of metakaolin, kaolin genesis (kaolin by granites and gneisses, alkaline kaolin) and structural-crystallochemical features of kaolinite. It is shown that after heat treatment in the range of 850–950°С the pozzlanic activity of metakaolin reduces and, at that, the intensity of band OAC ОАЦ Fe ³⁺ increases sharply. An indicator of intensity of the band OAC Fe³⁺ in the photolu- minescence spectrum is recommended as an express-method for control over the metakaolin quality.

Keywords: metakaolin, pozzolanic activity, luminescence, optically active centers, kaolinite.

References
1. Platova R.A., Argynbaev T.M., Stafeeva Z.V. Influence of Dispersion of Kaolin from Zhuravliny Log Deposit on Pozzolan Activity of Metakaolin. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 2, pp. 75-80. (In Russian).
2. Platova R.A., Platov Yu.T., Argynbaev T.M., Stafeeva Z.V. White Metakaolin: Factors Influencing on Coloring and Evaluating Methods. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2015. No. 6, pp. 55–60. (In Russian).
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A.V. KOCHETKOV¹, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (soni.81@mail.ru ); Sh.N. VALIYEV², Candidate of Sciences (Engineering); S.Yu. ANDRONOV ³, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering); D.A. KLIMOV4 , Engineer
1 Perm National Research Polytechnic University (29, Komsomolsky Avenue, Perm, 614990, Russian Federation)
2 Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (64, Leningradsky Avenue, 125319, Moscow, Russian Federation)
3 Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov (77, Politechnicheskaya Street, 410054, Saratov, Russian Federation)
4 Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Stoletovs (87, M. Gorky Street, 600000, Vladimir, Russian Federation)

Recommendations for Determining Thermal-Physical Properties of Road-Building Materials and Soils

A draft branch road methodical document has been developed by the Federal Autonomous Institution of “ROSDORNII”. The draft provides recommendations for determining thermal- physical properties of road-building materials and soils in the course of the study of the possible range of changes in humidity, density and temperature of materials and soils located in road structures in areas of seasonal freezing (thawing) of auto roads and artificial constructions on them, selection of measuring methods and devices ensuring reliable and reproducible results of determining the thermal-physical characteristics of materials of road pavements and the roadbed soils.

Keywords: thermal-physical properties, volumetric thermal capacity, heat conductivity coefficient, temperature conductivity coefficient, heat absorption, disperse materials, soils.

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