Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo №11
November, 2017
Table of contents
В начале октября 2017 г. в Екатеринбурге прошел крупнейший российский инженерно-строительный форум
в области высотного и уникального строительства 100+ Forum Russia. Уже в четвертый раз он проходит
в уральской столице при поддержке Минстроя РФ, правительства Свердловской области, администрации
г. Екатеринбурга. В 2017 г. под единым брендом 100+ Forum Russia в двух павильонах МВЦ «Екатеринбург
Экспо» дополнительно представлены выставка 100+ Technologies и образовательный кластер 100+ Education.
A.A. SKALIN, Technical Director (inform@uralgeoecology.ru)
OOO «Scientific-Production Association Uralgeoecologiya» (9, Mel’kovskaya Street, Yekaterinburg, 620027, Russian Federation)
Experience in Hydro-Geological Surveys in Rock Massif for High-Rise Construction «Yekaterinburg-CITY»
The experience in hydro-geological surveys in the rock intrusive massif of the East-Ural Ridge for high-rise construction of the business-center «Yekateringburg-
CITY» located at the right-bank section of the city pond of the Iset River is considered. Efficiency of hydro-mechanical surveys of tectonic crack collectors is
analyzed. Data on the hydro-geological monitoring when constructing the vertical drainage of the four-level underground parking which substantiate the natural
hydro-geological model of effect on the environment are presented. Prospects of the rational use of pumped resources of underground water are evaluated.
Keywords: high-rise construction «Yekaterinburg-City», rock intrusive massif, East-Ural Ridge, hydromechanics, vertical drainage, hydro-geological
monitoring.
For citation: Skalin A.A. Experience in hydro-geological surveys in rock massif for high-rise construction «Yekaterinburg-CITY». Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo
[Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 7–12. (In Russian).
References
1. Mironenko V.A. Dinamika podzemnykh vod [Dynamics of underground waters]. Moscow: MGGU, 2001. 519 p.
2. Mironenko V.A., Rumynin V.G. Problemy gidrogeologiyi [Problems of hydrogeoecology]. Moscow: MGGU. 2002. 504 p.
3. Tagiltsev S.N., Lukyanov A.E. A geomechanical role of tectonic breaks and regularity of their spatial arrangement. Geomechanics in mining: Materials of Scientific and Tekhnikal Conferents. October 12–14, 2011. Yekaterinburg: IGD OURO RAHN, 2012, pp. 26–39. (In Russian).
4. Abaturova I.V. Otsenka i prognoz inzhenerno-geologicheskikh uslovii mestorozhdenii tverdykh poleznykh iskopaemykh gorno-skladchatykh oblastei [Assessment and forecast of engineering-geological conditions of fields of solid minerals of mountain and folded areas]. Yekaterinburg: UGGU. 2011. 226 p.
5. Alehin V.N., Antipin A.A., Gorodilov S.N. Analysis of wind impact on the high-rise building «Iset Tower». Applied Mechanics and Materials. 2013. Vol. 281, pp. 639–644.
6. Yarovoy Yu.I. Prognoz deformatsii zemnoi poverkhnosti i zashchita gorodskoi zastroiki pri stroitel’stve metropolitenov na Urale [The forecast of deformations of the land surface and protection of urban development at construction of the subways in the Urals]. Yekaterinburg: UrGAPS. 1999. 258 p.
7. Skovorodnikov I.G. Geofizicheskie issledovaniya skvazhin [Geophysical surveys of wells]. Yekaterinburg: UGGU. 2014. 455 p.
8. Skalin A.V. Hydrogeomechanical prospecting of intrusive massifs for basing of many-storied construction. Geoekologiya. 2009. No. 3, pp. 271–278. (In Russian).
9. Il’ichev V.A., Mangushev R.A., Nikiforova N.S. Development of underground space in large Russian cities. Osnovaniya, fundamenty i mekhanika gruntov. 2012. No. 2, pp. 17–20. (In Russian).
10. Ulitskii V.M., Shashkin A.G., Shashkin K.G. Gid po geotekhnike [Geotechnical Guide]. Saint Petersburg: Georekonstruktsiya, 2012. 284 p.
11. Yandyganov Ya.Ya., Vlasova E.Ya., Skalin V.A. Vodokhozyaistvennyi klaster promraiona (problemy, effektivnost’) [Water management cluster of a promrayon (problems, efficiency)]. Yekaterinburg: UGEU. 2016. 281 p.
12. Nosal A.P., Shubarina A. S., Sokolskikh I.I. Increase in safety of water supply of large settlements in the period of lack of water (on the example of the city of Yekaterinburg). Vodnoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2011. No. 6, pp. 33–46. (In Russian).
13. Palkin S.V., Palkin S.S., Rybnikova L.S. To a question of a possibility of full water supply of the city of Yekaterinburg underground waters. Vodnoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2011. No. 5, pp. 75–88. (In Russian).
1. Mironenko V.A. Dinamika podzemnykh vod [Dynamics of underground waters]. Moscow: MGGU, 2001. 519 p.
2. Mironenko V.A., Rumynin V.G. Problemy gidrogeologiyi [Problems of hydrogeoecology]. Moscow: MGGU. 2002. 504 p.
3. Tagiltsev S.N., Lukyanov A.E. A geomechanical role of tectonic breaks and regularity of their spatial arrangement. Geomechanics in mining: Materials of Scientific and Tekhnikal Conferents. October 12–14, 2011. Yekaterinburg: IGD OURO RAHN, 2012, pp. 26–39. (In Russian).
4. Abaturova I.V. Otsenka i prognoz inzhenerno-geologicheskikh uslovii mestorozhdenii tverdykh poleznykh iskopaemykh gorno-skladchatykh oblastei [Assessment and forecast of engineering-geological conditions of fields of solid minerals of mountain and folded areas]. Yekaterinburg: UGGU. 2011. 226 p.
5. Alehin V.N., Antipin A.A., Gorodilov S.N. Analysis of wind impact on the high-rise building «Iset Tower». Applied Mechanics and Materials. 2013. Vol. 281, pp. 639–644.
6. Yarovoy Yu.I. Prognoz deformatsii zemnoi poverkhnosti i zashchita gorodskoi zastroiki pri stroitel’stve metropolitenov na Urale [The forecast of deformations of the land surface and protection of urban development at construction of the subways in the Urals]. Yekaterinburg: UrGAPS. 1999. 258 p.
7. Skovorodnikov I.G. Geofizicheskie issledovaniya skvazhin [Geophysical surveys of wells]. Yekaterinburg: UGGU. 2014. 455 p.
8. Skalin A.V. Hydrogeomechanical prospecting of intrusive massifs for basing of many-storied construction. Geoekologiya. 2009. No. 3, pp. 271–278. (In Russian).
9. Il’ichev V.A., Mangushev R.A., Nikiforova N.S. Development of underground space in large Russian cities. Osnovaniya, fundamenty i mekhanika gruntov. 2012. No. 2, pp. 17–20. (In Russian).
10. Ulitskii V.M., Shashkin A.G., Shashkin K.G. Gid po geotekhnike [Geotechnical Guide]. Saint Petersburg: Georekonstruktsiya, 2012. 284 p.
11. Yandyganov Ya.Ya., Vlasova E.Ya., Skalin V.A. Vodokhozyaistvennyi klaster promraiona (problemy, effektivnost’) [Water management cluster of a promrayon (problems, efficiency)]. Yekaterinburg: UGEU. 2016. 281 p.
12. Nosal A.P., Shubarina A. S., Sokolskikh I.I. Increase in safety of water supply of large settlements in the period of lack of water (on the example of the city of Yekaterinburg). Vodnoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2011. No. 6, pp. 33–46. (In Russian).
13. Palkin S.V., Palkin S.S., Rybnikova L.S. To a question of a possibility of full water supply of the city of Yekaterinburg underground waters. Vodnoe khozyaistvo Rossii. 2011. No. 5, pp. 75–88. (In Russian).
E.A. MESHALKIN, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Vice-President for Science
Scientific-Production Association “Pulse” (28, bldg. 1, Rusakovskaya Street, 107014, Moscow, Russian Federation)
Efficient Fire Protection Requirements for Residential Buildings
It is shown that the main amount of fires and death of people take place in residential buildings. The efficiency of the fire-protection systems is at the level
of 50–70% that is not enough. The existing normative requirements for fire safety in residential buildings, high-rise ones especially, are imperfect mainly. It
is noted that in the codes of rules it is necessary to use some innovative solutions: the limit of fire-resistance of main bearing structures is not over 180 min.
and at the calculation-analytical substantiation; restriction of parameters of an in-built-attached part (stylobate); application of address-analogue system of fire
alarm, automatic fire-suppression unit (FSU) with forced start, water-ring reels, modular units of fire-suppression of a aggregate type at the height over 100 m,
means of salvation and self-rescue; protection of escalators with anti-smoke curtains and other engineering solutions; construction of atriums for the whole
height with systems of smoke exhaust (mechanical or natural) ventilation; smoke tight stair case of N2 and N3 types or their combination in the absence of N1.
Other solutions can be realized, if necessary, through STR (Special Technical Regulations) as a document of obligatory application which excludes the use of
other standards and codes of rules according to the part 2 of the article 5 and part 6 of the article 15 of the Federal Law on 30.12.2009, № 384-FZ “Technical
Regulations on Safety of Buildings and Structures”.
Keywords: residential buildings, fire, code of rules, fire safety, fire resistance, atrium, fire area, systems of fire alarm, automatic fire-suppression unit with
forced start, smoke tight stair cases, means of salvation.
For citation: Meshalkin E.A. Efficient fire protection requirements for residential buildings. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11,
pp. 13–17. (In Russian).
References
1. Pozhary i pozharnaja bezopasnost’ v 2015 g. Statisticheskij sbornik. Pod obshhej redakciej A.V. Matjushina [The fires and fire safety in 2015. Statistical collection. Under the general edition of A.V. Matyushin]. Moscow: VNIIPO. 2016. 124 p.
2. Karpenko D.G., Sharov I.N. Assessment of compliance of technical fire protection systems to requirements of fire safety. Tehnologii tehnosfernoу bezopasnosti. 2013. No. 4 (50), pp. 6. (In Russian).
3. Meshalkin E.A. Effective fire-prevention requirements at design of residential buildings. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2008. No. 2, pp. 26–28. (In Russian).
4. Makotrina L.V. Fire-prevention requirements to engineering systems and the equipment of apartment buildings in new sets of rules. Izvestiya vuzov. Investicii. Stroitel’stvo. Nedvizhimost’. 2014. No. 3 (8), pp. 58–62. (In Russian).
5. Pereslavtseva I.I., Buzulukin N.S., Popkov D. Ju. The feature and problems of fire safety of high-rise buildings. Nauchniy zhurnal. Inzhenernye sistemy i sooruzheniya. 2013. No. 2 (11), pp. 84–88.
6. Epstein Yu.A. Problems of design of fire protection systems of buildings. Santehnika, otoplenie, kondicionirovanie. 2013. No. 12 (144), pp. 76–79. (In Russian).
7. Nikonchuk M.I., Gorban Yu.I. Fire-prevention actions for the underground parking. Algoritm bezopasnosti. 2015. No. 4, pp. 42–45. (In Russian).
8. Omelchenko V. D. Fire-prevention protection of system of rubbish disposal of a multystoried house. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2008. No. 8, pp. 32–36. (In Russian).
9. Tarantsev A.A., Malygin I.G., Peck V.V. About possibility of improvement of some normative documents in the field of fire safety. Pozharovzryvobezopasnost’. 2016. Vol. 25. No. 9, pp. 13–21. (In Russian).
10. Krivtsov Yu.V., Pronin D.G. Fire resistance of buildings and constructions: standard requirements and settlement justifications. Vestnik NIC Stroitel’stvo. 2014. No. 11, pp. 55–66. (In Russian).
11. Bobrov A.B. An order of development and coordination of a special design specification of fire-prevention protection in Moscow. Pozharnaja bezopasnost’ v stroitel’stve. 2011. No. 1, pp. 20–21. (In Russian).
12. Timoshin V. V. Fire safety in construction. Reforms continue, problems remain. Algoritm bezopasnosti. 2015. No. 3, рр. 82–85. (In Russian).
1. Pozhary i pozharnaja bezopasnost’ v 2015 g. Statisticheskij sbornik. Pod obshhej redakciej A.V. Matjushina [The fires and fire safety in 2015. Statistical collection. Under the general edition of A.V. Matyushin]. Moscow: VNIIPO. 2016. 124 p.
2. Karpenko D.G., Sharov I.N. Assessment of compliance of technical fire protection systems to requirements of fire safety. Tehnologii tehnosfernoу bezopasnosti. 2013. No. 4 (50), pp. 6. (In Russian).
3. Meshalkin E.A. Effective fire-prevention requirements at design of residential buildings. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2008. No. 2, pp. 26–28. (In Russian).
4. Makotrina L.V. Fire-prevention requirements to engineering systems and the equipment of apartment buildings in new sets of rules. Izvestiya vuzov. Investicii. Stroitel’stvo. Nedvizhimost’. 2014. No. 3 (8), pp. 58–62. (In Russian).
5. Pereslavtseva I.I., Buzulukin N.S., Popkov D. Ju. The feature and problems of fire safety of high-rise buildings. Nauchniy zhurnal. Inzhenernye sistemy i sooruzheniya. 2013. No. 2 (11), pp. 84–88.
6. Epstein Yu.A. Problems of design of fire protection systems of buildings. Santehnika, otoplenie, kondicionirovanie. 2013. No. 12 (144), pp. 76–79. (In Russian).
7. Nikonchuk M.I., Gorban Yu.I. Fire-prevention actions for the underground parking. Algoritm bezopasnosti. 2015. No. 4, pp. 42–45. (In Russian).
8. Omelchenko V. D. Fire-prevention protection of system of rubbish disposal of a multystoried house. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2008. No. 8, pp. 32–36. (In Russian).
9. Tarantsev A.A., Malygin I.G., Peck V.V. About possibility of improvement of some normative documents in the field of fire safety. Pozharovzryvobezopasnost’. 2016. Vol. 25. No. 9, pp. 13–21. (In Russian).
10. Krivtsov Yu.V., Pronin D.G. Fire resistance of buildings and constructions: standard requirements and settlement justifications. Vestnik NIC Stroitel’stvo. 2014. No. 11, pp. 55–66. (In Russian).
11. Bobrov A.B. An order of development and coordination of a special design specification of fire-prevention protection in Moscow. Pozharnaja bezopasnost’ v stroitel’stve. 2011. No. 1, pp. 20–21. (In Russian).
12. Timoshin V. V. Fire safety in construction. Reforms continue, problems remain. Algoritm bezopasnosti. 2015. No. 3, рр. 82–85. (In Russian).
Increasing the Productivity of Design with the Use of Advanced
House-Building System (Information) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
N.S. SOKOLOV1,2, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Director (forstnpf@mail.ru),
A.N. SOKOLOV1,2, Deputy Director, Engineer, S.N. SOKOLOV1,2, Deputy Director, Engineer,
V.E. GLUSHKOV3, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), A.V. GLUSHKOV3, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
1 OOO NPF «FORST» (109a, Kalinina Street, Cheboksary, 428000, Chuvash Republic, Russian Federation)
2 I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University (15, Moskovsky Avenue, Cheboksary, 428015, Chuvash Republic, Russian Federation)
3 Volga State University of Technology (3, Lenina Sq., Yoshkar-Ola, 424000, The Republic of Mari El, Russian Federation) Calculation of Bored-Injection Piles of Improved Bearing Capacity The technology of bored-injection piles made according to the electric-discharge technology is introduced in the practice of geo-technical construction. The existing methodology with the use of SNiP formulas doesn’t allow to fully evaluate the stress-strain state in the active zone in the course of sequential inclusions of widenings in operation with the growth of loading on the foundation. The article presents results of calculations of the stress-strain state of the base of the boredinjection pile ERT made with multiple widenings along the pile shaft. Calculations were made in spatial statement with due regard for stages of load application and formation of the compacted zone around the bored-injection pile. Special attention was paid to the difference in the stress-strain state of the base composed of cohesive and non-cohesive soils. The assessment of factors influencing on the bearing capacity and settlement of the bored-injection pile was sequentially made. The number and pitch of widenings, the length of bored-injection pile, strength and deformation characteristics of the surrounding soil were considered as the factor investigated. Keywords: pile widening, bearing capacity, electric discharge technology, jet-grouting. For citation: Sokolov N.S., Sokolov A.N., Sokolov S.N., Glushkov V.E., Glushkov A.V. Calculation of bored-injection piles of improved bearing capacity. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 20–25. (In Russian). References
1. Il’ichev V.A., Mangushev R.A., Nikiforova N.S.. Development of underground space in large Russian cities. Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov. 2012. No. 2, pp. 17–20. (In Russian).
2. Ulitsky V.M., Shashkin A.G., Shashkin K.G. Geotehnicheskoe coprovozchgenie razvitiya gorodov [Geotechical support of urban development]. Saint Petersburg: Georeconstructsiya. 2010, p. 551.
3. Razvodovskij D.E., Chepurnova A.A. Assessing the impact of underpinning of building foundations using the jet-grouting technology on its settlements. Promyslennoe i Grazchdanskoe Stroitelstvo. 2016. No. 10, pp. 64–72. (In Russian).
4. Yasuo Onishi. Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear accidents’ environmental assessments and U.S. Hanford site’s waste management. Procedia IUTAM. 2014. Vol. 14, pp. 372–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.piutam.2014.01.032.
5. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G. Mekhanika gruntov [Mekhanik of soil]. Moscow: ASV. 2009. 550 p. (In Russian).
6. Sokolov N.S. Ryabinov V.M. About one method of continuous flight augering EDT-piles carrying capacity calculation, Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov. 2015. No. 1, pp. 10–13. (In Russian).
7. Sokolov N.S., Ryabinov V.M. About effectiveness of the appliance of continuous flight augering piles with multiple caps using electric-discharge technology. Geotehnika. 2016. No. 2, рр. 28–34. (In Russian).
8. Ni J.C., Cheng W.C. Quality control of double fluid jet grouting below groundwater table: case history. Soils and foundations. 2014. No. 6, pp. 1039–1053.
9. Gorbushin A.V., Ryabinov V.M. Possibility of use of electrodischarge technology at the construction in rather strong soil. Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov. 2008. No. 6, pр. 10–13. (In Russian).
10. Patent RF № 161650. Ustrojstvo dlya kamufletnogo ushireniya nabivnoj konstrukcii v grunte [The device for comouflage broadening of the stufted design in soil]. Sokolov N.S., Djantimirov H.A., Kuzmin M.V., Sokolov S.N., Sokolov A.N. Declared 1.07.2015. Published 27.04.2016. Bulletin No. 12. (In Russian).
11. Ian Jefferson, Chris Rogers, Dimcho Evststiev, Doncho Karastanev. Improvement of collapsible loess in Eastern Europe. Ground Improvement Case Histories. 2015, pp. 215– 261. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100698-6.00007-6.
1 OOO NPF «FORST» (109a, Kalinina Street, Cheboksary, 428000, Chuvash Republic, Russian Federation)
2 I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University (15, Moskovsky Avenue, Cheboksary, 428015, Chuvash Republic, Russian Federation)
3 Volga State University of Technology (3, Lenina Sq., Yoshkar-Ola, 424000, The Republic of Mari El, Russian Federation) Calculation of Bored-Injection Piles of Improved Bearing Capacity The technology of bored-injection piles made according to the electric-discharge technology is introduced in the practice of geo-technical construction. The existing methodology with the use of SNiP formulas doesn’t allow to fully evaluate the stress-strain state in the active zone in the course of sequential inclusions of widenings in operation with the growth of loading on the foundation. The article presents results of calculations of the stress-strain state of the base of the boredinjection pile ERT made with multiple widenings along the pile shaft. Calculations were made in spatial statement with due regard for stages of load application and formation of the compacted zone around the bored-injection pile. Special attention was paid to the difference in the stress-strain state of the base composed of cohesive and non-cohesive soils. The assessment of factors influencing on the bearing capacity and settlement of the bored-injection pile was sequentially made. The number and pitch of widenings, the length of bored-injection pile, strength and deformation characteristics of the surrounding soil were considered as the factor investigated. Keywords: pile widening, bearing capacity, electric discharge technology, jet-grouting. For citation: Sokolov N.S., Sokolov A.N., Sokolov S.N., Glushkov V.E., Glushkov A.V. Calculation of bored-injection piles of improved bearing capacity. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 20–25. (In Russian). References
1. Il’ichev V.A., Mangushev R.A., Nikiforova N.S.. Development of underground space in large Russian cities. Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov. 2012. No. 2, pp. 17–20. (In Russian).
2. Ulitsky V.M., Shashkin A.G., Shashkin K.G. Geotehnicheskoe coprovozchgenie razvitiya gorodov [Geotechical support of urban development]. Saint Petersburg: Georeconstructsiya. 2010, p. 551.
3. Razvodovskij D.E., Chepurnova A.A. Assessing the impact of underpinning of building foundations using the jet-grouting technology on its settlements. Promyslennoe i Grazchdanskoe Stroitelstvo. 2016. No. 10, pp. 64–72. (In Russian).
4. Yasuo Onishi. Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear accidents’ environmental assessments and U.S. Hanford site’s waste management. Procedia IUTAM. 2014. Vol. 14, pp. 372–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.piutam.2014.01.032.
5. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G. Mekhanika gruntov [Mekhanik of soil]. Moscow: ASV. 2009. 550 p. (In Russian).
6. Sokolov N.S. Ryabinov V.M. About one method of continuous flight augering EDT-piles carrying capacity calculation, Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov. 2015. No. 1, pp. 10–13. (In Russian).
7. Sokolov N.S., Ryabinov V.M. About effectiveness of the appliance of continuous flight augering piles with multiple caps using electric-discharge technology. Geotehnika. 2016. No. 2, рр. 28–34. (In Russian).
8. Ni J.C., Cheng W.C. Quality control of double fluid jet grouting below groundwater table: case history. Soils and foundations. 2014. No. 6, pp. 1039–1053.
9. Gorbushin A.V., Ryabinov V.M. Possibility of use of electrodischarge technology at the construction in rather strong soil. Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov. 2008. No. 6, pр. 10–13. (In Russian).
10. Patent RF № 161650. Ustrojstvo dlya kamufletnogo ushireniya nabivnoj konstrukcii v grunte [The device for comouflage broadening of the stufted design in soil]. Sokolov N.S., Djantimirov H.A., Kuzmin M.V., Sokolov S.N., Sokolov A.N. Declared 1.07.2015. Published 27.04.2016. Bulletin No. 12. (In Russian).
11. Ian Jefferson, Chris Rogers, Dimcho Evststiev, Doncho Karastanev. Improvement of collapsible loess in Eastern Europe. Ground Improvement Case Histories. 2015, pp. 215– 261. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100698-6.00007-6.
Z.G. TER-MARTIROSIAN, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (gis-mgsu@mail.ru), A.Z. TER-MARTIROSIAN, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering),
A.V. MANUKIAN, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), G.J. ANZELO, Engineer
National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation)
Interaction of a Pile-Drain with Surrounding Compacted Clay Soil
and Pilework with Due Regard for Time Factor
The problem of interaction of a pile-drain made of coarse-grained soils with the surrounding silt-loam soil is considered. It is supposed that after the preliminary
deep compaction a composite cylinder of the pile and surrounding soil is formed. This article presents an analytical solution of the task. It is shown that the settling
and bearing capacity of the composite cylinder are determined by the physical-mechanical parameters of its elements as well as geometric parameters of an
elementary cell. The solution takes into consideration elastic-plastic properties of the pile-drain, besides the rheological properties of the surrounding clay soil are
also taken into account. The solution shows that the redistribution of forces in elements of the cell takes place in time. Under the effect of the redistributed load
on the grillage in the composite soil cylinder of the sand-gravelly pile-drain and compacted clay soil the complex and heterogeneous stress-strain state occurs.
At this, the distribution and redistribution of stresses on the pilework between the pile-drain and the surrounding soil takes place in space and time. At linear
dependence of deformation properties of the pile and the surrounding soil, the distribution of stresses from the pilework occurs proportionally to their rigidity and
in accordance with the equilibrium condition. In this case, the reduced modulus of deformation of the cell is determined as a whole.
Keywords: soft clay soils, pile-drain, foundation, stress-strain state, rheology, grillage.
For citation: Ter-Martirosian Z.G., Ter-Martirosian A.Z., Manukian A.V., Anzelo G.J. Interaction of a pile-drain with surrounding compacted clay soil and pilework
with due regard for time factor. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 26–29. (In Russian).
References
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8. Van Impe W.F., Madhav M.R. Analysis and settlement of dilating stone column reinforced soil. Austrian geotechnical Journal. 1992 No. 137, pp. 114–121.
9. Mokhtari M., Kalantari B. Soft Soil Stabilization using Stone Columns. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering. 2012. No. 17, pp. 1459–1466.
10. Borges J.L., Domingues T.S., Cardoso A.S. Embankments on soft soil reinforced with stone columns: numerical analysis and proposal of a new design method. Journal of Geotechnical and Geological Engineering. 2009. No. 6, pp. 667–679.
11. Balaam N.P., Booker I.R. Effect of stone column yield on settlement of rigid foundations in stabilized Clay. International journal for numerical and analytical methods in geomechanics. 1985. No. 9, pp. 331–351.
1. Dobrov E.M., Chan Kouk Dat K.D., Le Suan Tkho S.T. Evaluation of the effectiveness of strengthening weak bases of road embankments with soil piles. Transportnoe stroitel’stvo. 2010. No. 7, pp. 25–27. (In Russian).
2. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G. Mehanika gruntov [Soil mechanics]. Moscow: ASV. 2009. 550 p.
3. Ter-Martirosyan Z.G., Strunin P.V. Calculation of the bases of plate foundation, sealed with sand piles in a plastic setting. Vestnik MGSU. 2011. No. 8, pp. 116–121. (In Russian).
4. Ter-Martirosyan A.Z., Ter-Martirosyan Z.G., Sidorov V.V. Interaction of soil piles with surrounding soil, taking into account expansion of pile diameter. Osnovaniya, Fundamenti i Mehanika Gruntov. 2016. No. 3, pp. 10–15. (In Russian).
5. Vyalov S.S. Reologicheskie osnovi mehaniki gruntov [Rheological basis of soil mechanics]. Moscow: Visshaya shkola. 1978. 447 p.
6. Florin V.A. Osnovi mehaniki gruntov [The basics of soil mechanics]. Moscow: Gosstroyizdat. 1961. 356 p.
7. Timoshenko S.P., Goodier G. Teoriya uprugosti [Theory of elasticity]. Moscow: Nauka. 1975. 575 p.
8. Van Impe W.F., Madhav M.R. Analysis and settlement of dilating stone column reinforced soil. Austrian geotechnical Journal. 1992 No. 137, pp. 114–121.
9. Mokhtari M., Kalantari B. Soft Soil Stabilization using Stone Columns. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering. 2012. No. 17, pp. 1459–1466.
10. Borges J.L., Domingues T.S., Cardoso A.S. Embankments on soft soil reinforced with stone columns: numerical analysis and proposal of a new design method. Journal of Geotechnical and Geological Engineering. 2009. No. 6, pp. 667–679.
11. Balaam N.P., Booker I.R. Effect of stone column yield on settlement of rigid foundations in stabilized Clay. International journal for numerical and analytical methods in geomechanics. 1985. No. 9, pp. 331–351.
I.P. DIAKONOV, Engineer (idiakanv@yandex.ru), A.A. VESELOV, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), L.N. KONDRAT’EVA, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, 2-ya Krasnoarmeiskaya Street, 190005, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation)
Theoretical Prerequisites of Evaluation of Friction Magnitude Along the Lateral Surface of «Fundex» Pile
Structural features and technological sequence of «Fundex» piles driving which influence on the change in the stress-strain state of soil are described. The main
structural feature of this type of piles is a non-constant diameter of drilling tool which drills the well with forced displacement of soil. A lose tip is pressed by the well
casing of significantly lesser diameter, as a result of this, the contact zone is formed along the lateral surface with reduced characteristics of soil. This phenomenon
is not taken into account in the existing normative document when calculating the bearing capacity. Under field conditions and processing the large amount of
tests of «Fundex» piles, authors obtained the value of bearing capacity reducing along the lateral surface. The analytical task of widening cylinders of hardening
soil was set and solved in this article with due regard for the stages of pile installation. The results obtained make it possible to determine the reducing coefficient
which the most correctly reflect the bearing capacity of «Fundex» piles under the conditions of weak claye soils. A theoretical substantiation of friction reducing
along the lateral surface of the «Fundex» pile in weak soils is proposed with due regard for structural and technological parameters and stages of pile installation.
Keywords: «Fundex» technology, off-size lose tip, shedding concreting method, pile, bearing capacity.
For citation: Diakonov I.P., Veselov A.A., Kondrat’eva L.N. Theoretical prerequisites of evaluation of friction magnitude along the lateral surface of «Fundex»
pile. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 30–33. (In Russian).
References
1. Mangushev R.A., Diakonov I.P., Limits of Practical Application of «Fundex» Piles under Conditions of Weak Soils. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 9, pp. 1–6. (In Russian).
2. D’yakonov I.P. The influence of technology aspect on the bearing capacity of cast-in-place piles. Vestnik Grazhdanskih Inzchenerov. 2017. No. 2, pp. 133–136. (In Russian).
3. D’yakonov I.P., Konyushkov V.V. Features of screw-pile «Fundex » performance in heterogeneous soils. Vestnik Grazhdanskih Inzchenerov. 2014. No. 6, pp. 116–120. (In Russian).
4. Mangushev R.A., Konyushkov V.V., D’yakonov I.P. The analysis of practical application of the screwed-up stuffed piles. Osnovaniya i Fundamenty, Mekhanika Gruntov. 2014. No. 5, pp. 11–16. (In Russian).
5. Mecsi J. Geotechnical Engineering examples and solutions using the cavity expanding theory. Hungarian Geotechnical Society. Budapest. 2013. 221 p.
6. Mangushev R.A, Ershov A.V., Ershov S.V. Experimental assessment of the condition change in the soil massive at production of stuffed piles. Nauchno-Prakticheskie i Teoreticheskie Problemy Geotekhniki: Mezhvuzovskiy Tematicheskiy Sbornik Trudov. 2009. Vol. 1, pp. 101–108. (In Russian).
7. Ershov A.V., Nutrikhin V.V. Assessment of the bearing ability of stuffed piles with use of data of static sounding. Inzhenernye Izyskaniya. 2011. No. 7, pp. 42–52. (In Russian).
8. Mangushev R.A. «Fundex» bored piles: advantages and disadvantage. Vestnik Volgogradskogo Arhitecturno-Stroitelnogo Universiteta. 2013. No. 31–2 (50), pp. 264–271. (In Russian).
9. D’yakonov I.P. Analysis of the «Fundex» pile performance in soft soils. Vestnik Grazhdanskih Inzchenerov. 2017. No. 3, pp. 55–58. (In Russian).
10. Dolmatov B.I., Lapshin F.K., Rossihin Yu.V. Proektirovanie svainykh fundaventov v usloviyakh slabykh gruntov [Design of the pile bases in the conditions of weak soils]. Leningrad: Stroizdat. 1975. 240 p.
11. Ulitskiy V.M. Shashkin A.G., Shashkin K.G., Gid po geotekhnike [Geotechnical Guide]. Saint Petersburg: Georekonstruksiya. 2012. 284 p.
12. Van Weele A.F. Rukovodstvo po svayam «Fundex». [Guide to piles «Fundex»]. Netherlands. 1982, pp.19–32.
13. Mangushev R.A., Ershov A. V., Osokin A. I. Sovremennye svainye tekhnologii [Modern pile technologies]. Moscow: ASV. 2010. 235 p.
14. Fleming K., Weltman A., Randolph M, Elson K. Piling Engineering. NY: Third Edition. 2009, pp. 127, 272–280.
15. Van Impe V.F. Bases of deep laying: tendencies and prospects of development. Reconstrutsiya gorodov i geotekhnicheskoe stroitelstvo. 2005. No. 9, pp. 7–33. (In Russian).
16. Verstov V.V. Gaido A.N., Ivanov Ya.V Tekhnologiya I kompleksnaya mekhanizatsiya shpuntovykh I svainykh rabot [Technology and complex mechanization of sheet piles and pile works]. Saint Petersburg: Lan’. 2012. 355 p.
17. Chandra. Prediction and Observation of Pore Pressure Due to Pile Driving. Third International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering. No. 1.66., St. Louis, Missouri, 1993.
18. Dan A. Brown. Design and Construction of Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) Piles. Geotechnical engineering circular. USA. Washington. 2007. No. 8, pp. 104–107, 42–43.
1. Mangushev R.A., Diakonov I.P., Limits of Practical Application of «Fundex» Piles under Conditions of Weak Soils. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 9, pp. 1–6. (In Russian).
2. D’yakonov I.P. The influence of technology aspect on the bearing capacity of cast-in-place piles. Vestnik Grazhdanskih Inzchenerov. 2017. No. 2, pp. 133–136. (In Russian).
3. D’yakonov I.P., Konyushkov V.V. Features of screw-pile «Fundex » performance in heterogeneous soils. Vestnik Grazhdanskih Inzchenerov. 2014. No. 6, pp. 116–120. (In Russian).
4. Mangushev R.A., Konyushkov V.V., D’yakonov I.P. The analysis of practical application of the screwed-up stuffed piles. Osnovaniya i Fundamenty, Mekhanika Gruntov. 2014. No. 5, pp. 11–16. (In Russian).
5. Mecsi J. Geotechnical Engineering examples and solutions using the cavity expanding theory. Hungarian Geotechnical Society. Budapest. 2013. 221 p.
6. Mangushev R.A, Ershov A.V., Ershov S.V. Experimental assessment of the condition change in the soil massive at production of stuffed piles. Nauchno-Prakticheskie i Teoreticheskie Problemy Geotekhniki: Mezhvuzovskiy Tematicheskiy Sbornik Trudov. 2009. Vol. 1, pp. 101–108. (In Russian).
7. Ershov A.V., Nutrikhin V.V. Assessment of the bearing ability of stuffed piles with use of data of static sounding. Inzhenernye Izyskaniya. 2011. No. 7, pp. 42–52. (In Russian).
8. Mangushev R.A. «Fundex» bored piles: advantages and disadvantage. Vestnik Volgogradskogo Arhitecturno-Stroitelnogo Universiteta. 2013. No. 31–2 (50), pp. 264–271. (In Russian).
9. D’yakonov I.P. Analysis of the «Fundex» pile performance in soft soils. Vestnik Grazhdanskih Inzchenerov. 2017. No. 3, pp. 55–58. (In Russian).
10. Dolmatov B.I., Lapshin F.K., Rossihin Yu.V. Proektirovanie svainykh fundaventov v usloviyakh slabykh gruntov [Design of the pile bases in the conditions of weak soils]. Leningrad: Stroizdat. 1975. 240 p.
11. Ulitskiy V.M. Shashkin A.G., Shashkin K.G., Gid po geotekhnike [Geotechnical Guide]. Saint Petersburg: Georekonstruksiya. 2012. 284 p.
12. Van Weele A.F. Rukovodstvo po svayam «Fundex». [Guide to piles «Fundex»]. Netherlands. 1982, pp.19–32.
13. Mangushev R.A., Ershov A. V., Osokin A. I. Sovremennye svainye tekhnologii [Modern pile technologies]. Moscow: ASV. 2010. 235 p.
14. Fleming K., Weltman A., Randolph M, Elson K. Piling Engineering. NY: Third Edition. 2009, pp. 127, 272–280.
15. Van Impe V.F. Bases of deep laying: tendencies and prospects of development. Reconstrutsiya gorodov i geotekhnicheskoe stroitelstvo. 2005. No. 9, pp. 7–33. (In Russian).
16. Verstov V.V. Gaido A.N., Ivanov Ya.V Tekhnologiya I kompleksnaya mekhanizatsiya shpuntovykh I svainykh rabot [Technology and complex mechanization of sheet piles and pile works]. Saint Petersburg: Lan’. 2012. 355 p.
17. Chandra. Prediction and Observation of Pore Pressure Due to Pile Driving. Third International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering. No. 1.66., St. Louis, Missouri, 1993.
18. Dan A. Brown. Design and Construction of Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) Piles. Geotechnical engineering circular. USA. Washington. 2007. No. 8, pp. 104–107, 42–43.
A.L. MOCHALOV, Engineer (mochalov12@mail.ru)
OOO «Byuro Vnedreniya» (3, str. 1, 3-ya Mytishchinskaya Street, 129085, Moscow, Russian Federation)
Results of Numerical Simulation of Joint Zones of Reinforced Concrete Slabs with Sheet and Bar Reinforcement
The article presents a calculation model and results of the calculation of strength and rigidity when pushing joint zones of reinforced concrete slabs with combined
reinforcement cages in which sheet and bar reinforcement is combined. Numerical simulation was conducted with the software complex «Nastran – Patran» using
the postprocessor which provided convergence due to the adaptive tracking algorithm of load pitch depending on the loading stage. The account of physical nonlinearity
was carried out due to the use of the modified Drucker – Prager yield criterion and the deformation model of concrete with due regard for crack formation
and dilatancy. Numerical simulation of a thick slab loaded with stamp axial load made it possible to determine the areas of volumetric compression and predestruction
due to restrained shear. In the calculation model, the special attention was paid to the contact between the sheet reinforcement and concrete which
was simulated by a special element of «glued» type. Verification of the results was provided by comparison with the data of full-scale experiment with samples of
reinforced concrete slabs with combined sheet and bar reinforcement.
Keywords: calculation model, strength and rigidity when pushing, sheet and bar reinforcement, strength criterion of concrete, deformation model of concrete,
area of volumetric compression, area of pre-destruction.
For citation: Mochalov A.L. Results of numerical simulation of joint zones of reinforced concrete slabs with sheet and bar reinforcement. Zhilishchnoe
Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 34–38. (In Russian).
References
1. Baranova T.I., Zalesov A.S. Karkasno-sterzhnevye modeli i inzhenernye metody rascheta zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsii [Frame and rod models and engineering methods of calculation of reinforced concrete designs]. M.: AST, 2003. 238 p.
2. Sokolov B.S., Latypov R.R. Prochnost’ i podatlivost’ shtepsel’nykh stykov zhelezobetonnykh kolonn pri deistvii staticheskikh i seismicheskikh nagruzok [Durability and pliability of plug joints of reinforced concrete columns at action of static and seismic loadings]. M.: AST, 2010. 125 p.
3. Ayrumyan E.L., Kamenshchikov N.I., Rumyantseva I.A. Features of calculation of monolithic plates the stalezhelezobetonnykh of overlappings on the prothinned- out steel flooring. Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel’stvo. 2015. No. 9, рр. 21–26. (In Russian).
4. Granovsky A.V., Mochalov A.L. New structural solution for reinforcing cage of junction zones of reinforced concrete slabs with the use of sheet products. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 12, рр. 36–40. (In Russian).
5. Russian Federation patent for useful model No. 73891. Plitnaya zhelezobetonnaya konstruktsiya [Slabby steel concrete design]. Mochalov A.L., Pekin D.A. Zayavl. 20.09.2006. Opubl. 10.06.2008. Bulletin No. 16. (In Russian).
6. Hyo-Gyoung Kwak, Filip C. Filippou. Finite Element Analysis of Reiforced Concrete Structures Under Monotoniic Loads, Structural Engineering Mechanics and Materials, Report No.USB/SEMM-90-14, Department of Civil Engineering University of California Berkley, California.
7. Yu T., Teng J.G., Wong Y.L., Dong, S.L. Assessment of drucker-prager type plasticity models for predicting the behaviour of FRP-confined concrete. In S.T. Smith (Eds.). Proceedings of the First Asia-Pacific Conference on FRP in Structures: APFIS 2007, pp. 161–166).
8. MSC Nastran 2013 – Linear Analysis User’s Guide. MSC Software Corp., 2013. 776 p.
9. Yu T., Teng J.G., Wong Y.L., Dong S.L. Finite element modeling of confined concrete-I: Drucker–Prager type plasticity model. Engineering Structures. 2010. Vol. 32. Iss. 3, pp. 665– 679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.11.014.
10. Shekarbeigi M., Sharafi H. Constitutive Model for Concrete: An Overview. Current World Environment. 2015. Vol. 10 (Special Issue 1), pp. 782–788. DOI : http://dx.doi. org/10.12944/CWE.10.Special-Issue1.94.
11. Gerin J.S., Mistry N.S., Welch A.K. Computers & Smc~urer. 1986. Vol. 24. No. 2, pp. 225–232.
12. Analysis of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams Using Nonlinear Finite Element Techniques MSC/Marc. David R. Dearth. 2013, 27 p.
1. Baranova T.I., Zalesov A.S. Karkasno-sterzhnevye modeli i inzhenernye metody rascheta zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsii [Frame and rod models and engineering methods of calculation of reinforced concrete designs]. M.: AST, 2003. 238 p.
2. Sokolov B.S., Latypov R.R. Prochnost’ i podatlivost’ shtepsel’nykh stykov zhelezobetonnykh kolonn pri deistvii staticheskikh i seismicheskikh nagruzok [Durability and pliability of plug joints of reinforced concrete columns at action of static and seismic loadings]. M.: AST, 2010. 125 p.
3. Ayrumyan E.L., Kamenshchikov N.I., Rumyantseva I.A. Features of calculation of monolithic plates the stalezhelezobetonnykh of overlappings on the prothinned- out steel flooring. Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel’stvo. 2015. No. 9, рр. 21–26. (In Russian).
4. Granovsky A.V., Mochalov A.L. New structural solution for reinforcing cage of junction zones of reinforced concrete slabs with the use of sheet products. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 12, рр. 36–40. (In Russian).
5. Russian Federation patent for useful model No. 73891. Plitnaya zhelezobetonnaya konstruktsiya [Slabby steel concrete design]. Mochalov A.L., Pekin D.A. Zayavl. 20.09.2006. Opubl. 10.06.2008. Bulletin No. 16. (In Russian).
6. Hyo-Gyoung Kwak, Filip C. Filippou. Finite Element Analysis of Reiforced Concrete Structures Under Monotoniic Loads, Structural Engineering Mechanics and Materials, Report No.USB/SEMM-90-14, Department of Civil Engineering University of California Berkley, California.
7. Yu T., Teng J.G., Wong Y.L., Dong, S.L. Assessment of drucker-prager type plasticity models for predicting the behaviour of FRP-confined concrete. In S.T. Smith (Eds.). Proceedings of the First Asia-Pacific Conference on FRP in Structures: APFIS 2007, pp. 161–166).
8. MSC Nastran 2013 – Linear Analysis User’s Guide. MSC Software Corp., 2013. 776 p.
9. Yu T., Teng J.G., Wong Y.L., Dong S.L. Finite element modeling of confined concrete-I: Drucker–Prager type plasticity model. Engineering Structures. 2010. Vol. 32. Iss. 3, pp. 665– 679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.11.014.
10. Shekarbeigi M., Sharafi H. Constitutive Model for Concrete: An Overview. Current World Environment. 2015. Vol. 10 (Special Issue 1), pp. 782–788. DOI : http://dx.doi. org/10.12944/CWE.10.Special-Issue1.94.
11. Gerin J.S., Mistry N.S., Welch A.K. Computers & Smc~urer. 1986. Vol. 24. No. 2, pp. 225–232.
12. Analysis of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams Using Nonlinear Finite Element Techniques MSC/Marc. David R. Dearth. 2013, 27 p.
N.D. DANILOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (rss_dan@mail.ru), P.A. FEDOTOV, Engineer
M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University (58, Belinsky Street, Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), 677000, Russian Federation)
Joint of Walls and a Socle Overlapping without Heat Conductive Inclusions for Buildings with Ventilated Cellars
Numerical analysis of a fragment of the joint of wall and socle overlapping of buildings with ventilated cellars was conducted with the use of the calculation
program of three-dimensional temperature fields. Variants without heat conductive inclusions and with the masonry of small concrete blocks along the overlapping
are considered. The results of calculation show that the use of facade reinforced concrete panels significantly improves the temperature regime in the zone of
joint of structures and reduces the heat losses.
Keywords: specific heat protection characteristics, transmission heat losses, matrix method, partial heat protection characteristic, local heat protection
characteristic, energy consumption.
For citation: Danilov N.D., Fedotov P.A. Joint of walls and a socle overlapping without heat conductive inclusions for buildings with ventilated cellars. Zhilishchnoe
Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 39–42. (In Russian).
References
1. Stepanov V.S., Pospelova I.U. The study of heat transfer processes in the zone of the outer joint of walling. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitelstvo. 2003. No. 2, pp. 82–86. (In Russian).
2. Samarin O.D. Calculation of the temperature on the inner surface of the outer corner of the building with a modern level of thermal protection. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitelstvo. 2005. No. 8, pp. 52–56. (In Russian).
3. Samarin O.D. To a question of determination of temperature in an external corner of the building. Construction physics in the XXI century: Materials of scientific and technical conference. Moscow: NIISF RAASN. 2006, рр. 104–107. (In Russian).
4. Danilov N.D., Shadrin V.Yu., Pavlov N.N. Forecasting of temperature condition of angular connections of the the protecting designs. Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel’stvo. 2010. No. 4, pp. 20–21. (In Russian).
5. Samarin O.D. Otsenka of the minimum value of temperature in an external corner of the building at its rounding off. Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel’stvo. 2014. No. 8, pp. 34–38. (In Russian).
6. Danilov N.D. Temperature ground floors in buildings with cold underground. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 1999. No. 10, pp. 24–26. (In Russian). References
1. Stepanov V.S., Pospelova I.U. The study of heat transfer processes in the zone of the outer joint of walling. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitelstvo. 2003. No. 2, pp. 82–86. (In Russian).
2. Samarin O.D. Calculation of the temperature on the inner surface of the outer corner of the building with a modern level of thermal protection. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitelstvo. 2005. No. 8, pp. 52–56. (In Russian).
3. Samarin O.D. To a question of determination of temperature in an external corner of the building. Construction physics in the XXI century: Materials of scientific and technical conference. Moscow: NIISF RAASN. 2006, рр. 104–107. (In Russian).
4. Danilov N.D., Shadrin V.Yu., Pavlov N.N. Forecasting of temperature condition of angular connections of the the protecting designs. Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel’stvo. 2010. No. 4, pp. 20–21. (In Russian).
5. Samarin O.D. Otsenka of the minimum value of temperature in an external corner of the building at its rounding off. Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel’stvo. 2014. No. 8, pp. 34–38. (In Russian).
6. Danilov N.D. Temperature ground floors in buildings with cold underground. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 1999. No. 10, pp. 24–26. (In Russian).
7. Danilov N.D., Fedotov P.A. The heateffective solution of angular connection of socle overlapping and a wall of monolithic buildings with cold undergrounds. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2012. No. 2, pp. 1–2. (In Russian).
8. Danilov N.D., Sobakin A.A., Fedotov P.A. Optimal insulation of wall junction of frame-monolithic buildings with ventilated cellars. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 1–2, pp. 28–31. (In Russian).
9. Danilov N.D., Fedotov P.A. Akimоva N., Petrov D. Analysis of heat insulation options of socular overlapping angular joints and walls of framed-monolithic buildings with ventilated undergrounds from the outer side. Collection of materials XVI of international scientific and practical conference. Part 2. Technical sciences. Economic Sciences. Moscow. 2015, July 24–25, pp. 160–162. (In Russian).
10. Patent RF 2473754. Sposob montazha naruzhnoj steny s primeneiem fasadnykh panelei [A way of installation of an external wall use of front panels]. Antipkina T.S., Danilov N.D., Semyonov A.A, Sobakin A.A., Declared 15.07.11. Published 1.27.2013. Bulletin No. 3. (In Russian).
11. Gagarin V.G., Kozlov V.V. Theoretical prerequisites of calculation of the specified resistance to a heat transfer of the protecting designs. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 12, pp. 4–12. (In Russian).
12. Gagarin V.G., Neklyudov A.Yu. Accounting of heattechnical protections not of uniformity when determining thermal load of the system of heating of the building. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 6, pp. 3–7. (In Russian).
1. Stepanov V.S., Pospelova I.U. The study of heat transfer processes in the zone of the outer joint of walling. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitelstvo. 2003. No. 2, pp. 82–86. (In Russian).
2. Samarin O.D. Calculation of the temperature on the inner surface of the outer corner of the building with a modern level of thermal protection. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitelstvo. 2005. No. 8, pp. 52–56. (In Russian).
3. Samarin O.D. To a question of determination of temperature in an external corner of the building. Construction physics in the XXI century: Materials of scientific and technical conference. Moscow: NIISF RAASN. 2006, рр. 104–107. (In Russian).
4. Danilov N.D., Shadrin V.Yu., Pavlov N.N. Forecasting of temperature condition of angular connections of the the protecting designs. Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel’stvo. 2010. No. 4, pp. 20–21. (In Russian).
5. Samarin O.D. Otsenka of the minimum value of temperature in an external corner of the building at its rounding off. Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel’stvo. 2014. No. 8, pp. 34–38. (In Russian).
6. Danilov N.D. Temperature ground floors in buildings with cold underground. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 1999. No. 10, pp. 24–26. (In Russian). References
1. Stepanov V.S., Pospelova I.U. The study of heat transfer processes in the zone of the outer joint of walling. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitelstvo. 2003. No. 2, pp. 82–86. (In Russian).
2. Samarin O.D. Calculation of the temperature on the inner surface of the outer corner of the building with a modern level of thermal protection. Izvestiya vuzov. Stroitelstvo. 2005. No. 8, pp. 52–56. (In Russian).
3. Samarin O.D. To a question of determination of temperature in an external corner of the building. Construction physics in the XXI century: Materials of scientific and technical conference. Moscow: NIISF RAASN. 2006, рр. 104–107. (In Russian).
4. Danilov N.D., Shadrin V.Yu., Pavlov N.N. Forecasting of temperature condition of angular connections of the the protecting designs. Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel’stvo. 2010. No. 4, pp. 20–21. (In Russian).
5. Samarin O.D. Otsenka of the minimum value of temperature in an external corner of the building at its rounding off. Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel’stvo. 2014. No. 8, pp. 34–38. (In Russian).
6. Danilov N.D. Temperature ground floors in buildings with cold underground. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 1999. No. 10, pp. 24–26. (In Russian).
7. Danilov N.D., Fedotov P.A. The heateffective solution of angular connection of socle overlapping and a wall of monolithic buildings with cold undergrounds. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2012. No. 2, pp. 1–2. (In Russian).
8. Danilov N.D., Sobakin A.A., Fedotov P.A. Optimal insulation of wall junction of frame-monolithic buildings with ventilated cellars. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 1–2, pp. 28–31. (In Russian).
9. Danilov N.D., Fedotov P.A. Akimоva N., Petrov D. Analysis of heat insulation options of socular overlapping angular joints and walls of framed-monolithic buildings with ventilated undergrounds from the outer side. Collection of materials XVI of international scientific and practical conference. Part 2. Technical sciences. Economic Sciences. Moscow. 2015, July 24–25, pp. 160–162. (In Russian).
10. Patent RF 2473754. Sposob montazha naruzhnoj steny s primeneiem fasadnykh panelei [A way of installation of an external wall use of front panels]. Antipkina T.S., Danilov N.D., Semyonov A.A, Sobakin A.A., Declared 15.07.11. Published 1.27.2013. Bulletin No. 3. (In Russian).
11. Gagarin V.G., Kozlov V.V. Theoretical prerequisites of calculation of the specified resistance to a heat transfer of the protecting designs. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2010. No. 12, pp. 4–12. (In Russian).
12. Gagarin V.G., Neklyudov A.Yu. Accounting of heattechnical protections not of uniformity when determining thermal load of the system of heating of the building. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 6, pp. 3–7. (In Russian).
A.V. MASLYAEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), (victor3705@mail.ru)
Volgograd State Technical University (28, Lenin Avenue, 400005, Volgograd, Russian Federation)
Seismic Protection of Settlements of Russia with Due Regard
For «Unpredictability of the Next Dangerous Natural Phenomenon»
Technical solutions for the seismic protection of settlements with due regard for the factor of «unpredictability of the next dangerous natural phenomenon» on
the planet Earth (on the example of earthquake mostly) are proposed. On the basis of the analysis of scientist-geologists that the dynamism of the planet Earth
is predefined by a number of independent energy sources, it is concluded in the article that humanity is deprived of the opportunity to determine the place, time,
and intensity of the next dangerous natural phenomenon. The factor of «unpredictability of the next dangerous natural phenomenon» (UNDNP) tacitly requires
the builders to use in the calculations for protection of settlements maximal intensities of natural phenomena only. However, there is no even recognition of the
settlements as objects of capital construction in the Federal laws and regulatory documents of the Russian Federation of a building content. Therefore, the article
substantiates the protection of settlements, the largest objects of capital construction in Russia, against dangerous natural phenomena and with due regard for
requirements of «UNDNP».
Keywords: dynamism of Earth, factor of «unpredictability of the next dangerous natural phenomenon», earthquake, protection of human life and health in buildings.
For citation: Maslyaev A.V. Seismic protection of settlements of Russia with due regard for «unpredictability of the next dangerous natural phenomenon».
Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 11, pp. 43–47. (In Russian).
References
1. Nazarov J.P., Ajzenberg JA.M. Research ZNIISK on seismic stability of constructions. The theory, experiment, practice. Seysmostoykoe stroitel’stvo. Bezopasnost’ sooruzheniy. 2006. No. 5, pp. 61–62. (In Russian).
2. Ulomov V.I, Shumilina L.S. Komplekt kart obshhego sejsmicheskogo rajonirovanija territorii Rossijskoj Federacii OSR-97 [The Complete set of cards of the general seismic division into districts of territory of Russian Federation ОСР-97]. Moscow: Оb’edinennyi institut fiziki zemli im. O.Yu. Shmidta. 1999. 57 р.
3. Hain V.E., Lomize M.G. Geotektonika s osnovami geodinamiki [Geotectonics with geodynamics bases]. Moscow: Moscow State University. 1995. 480 p.
4. Ajzenberg Ja.M. Katastroficheskoe zemletrjasenie v Irane (g. Bam) 26 dekabrja 2003 g. i nekotorye ego uroki [Catastrophic earthquake in Iran (Bam) on December, 26th, 2003 and its some lessons]. Seysmostoykoe stroitel’stvo. Bezopasnost’ sooruzheniy. 2004. No. 2, pp. 48–49. (In Russian).
5. Hachiyan Э.Е. About some aspects of protection against earthquakes. Seysmostoykoe stroitel’stvo. Bezopasnost’ sooruzheniy. 2007. No. 5, pp. 11–15. (In Russian).
6. Мaslyaev A.V. Analys of conformity of federal laws and standard documents of the Russian Federation of the building maintenance to requirements of the constitution of the Russian Federation. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 11, pp. 38–44. (In Russian).
7. Мaslyaev A.V. Analysis of Provisions of the RF Federal Laws and Normative Documents Concerning the Use of the RF Maps of Seismic Hazards (OSR-2015) in Construction. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 8, pp. 3–8. (In Russian).
8. Мaslyaev A.V. Seismic stability of buildings taking into account repeated strong pushes at earthquake. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2008. No. 3, pp. 45–47. (In Russian).
9. Aleksandrovsky JU.A. Psihogennye reakcii i rasstrojstva, voznikajushhie v jekstremal’nyj uslovijah pri stihijnyh bedstvijah, katastrofah i vo vremja vojny [Psychogenic reactions and the frustration arising in extreme conditions at acts of nature, accidents and during war]. Minsk: Khrestomatiya. 1999, pp. 165–187.
10. Ananin I.V., Aptikaev F.F., Erteleva O.O. Ljudi kak ob’ekt shkaly sejsmicheskoj intensivnosti [Ljudi as object of a scale of seismic intensity]. Moscow: Institut fiziki zemli im. O.Yu. Shmidta. 2006, pp. 18–20.
11. Мaslyaev A.V. Paradigm for federal laws and standard documents of the Russian Federation on seismoprotection of buildings of the raised responsibility at earthquake. Vestnik VolgGASU. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura. 2015. Vol. 41 (60), pp. 74–84. (In Russian).
12. Мaslyaev A.V. Preservation of health of the people who are in buildings at earthquake. Prirodnye i tekhnogennye riski. Bezopasnost’ sooruzheniy. 2014. No. 2, pp. 38–42. (In Russian).
1. Nazarov J.P., Ajzenberg JA.M. Research ZNIISK on seismic stability of constructions. The theory, experiment, practice. Seysmostoykoe stroitel’stvo. Bezopasnost’ sooruzheniy. 2006. No. 5, pp. 61–62. (In Russian).
2. Ulomov V.I, Shumilina L.S. Komplekt kart obshhego sejsmicheskogo rajonirovanija territorii Rossijskoj Federacii OSR-97 [The Complete set of cards of the general seismic division into districts of territory of Russian Federation ОСР-97]. Moscow: Оb’edinennyi institut fiziki zemli im. O.Yu. Shmidta. 1999. 57 р.
3. Hain V.E., Lomize M.G. Geotektonika s osnovami geodinamiki [Geotectonics with geodynamics bases]. Moscow: Moscow State University. 1995. 480 p.
4. Ajzenberg Ja.M. Katastroficheskoe zemletrjasenie v Irane (g. Bam) 26 dekabrja 2003 g. i nekotorye ego uroki [Catastrophic earthquake in Iran (Bam) on December, 26th, 2003 and its some lessons]. Seysmostoykoe stroitel’stvo. Bezopasnost’ sooruzheniy. 2004. No. 2, pp. 48–49. (In Russian).
5. Hachiyan Э.Е. About some aspects of protection against earthquakes. Seysmostoykoe stroitel’stvo. Bezopasnost’ sooruzheniy. 2007. No. 5, pp. 11–15. (In Russian).
6. Мaslyaev A.V. Analys of conformity of federal laws and standard documents of the Russian Federation of the building maintenance to requirements of the constitution of the Russian Federation. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 11, pp. 38–44. (In Russian).
7. Мaslyaev A.V. Analysis of Provisions of the RF Federal Laws and Normative Documents Concerning the Use of the RF Maps of Seismic Hazards (OSR-2015) in Construction. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 8, pp. 3–8. (In Russian).
8. Мaslyaev A.V. Seismic stability of buildings taking into account repeated strong pushes at earthquake. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2008. No. 3, pp. 45–47. (In Russian).
9. Aleksandrovsky JU.A. Psihogennye reakcii i rasstrojstva, voznikajushhie v jekstremal’nyj uslovijah pri stihijnyh bedstvijah, katastrofah i vo vremja vojny [Psychogenic reactions and the frustration arising in extreme conditions at acts of nature, accidents and during war]. Minsk: Khrestomatiya. 1999, pp. 165–187.
10. Ananin I.V., Aptikaev F.F., Erteleva O.O. Ljudi kak ob’ekt shkaly sejsmicheskoj intensivnosti [Ljudi as object of a scale of seismic intensity]. Moscow: Institut fiziki zemli im. O.Yu. Shmidta. 2006, pp. 18–20.
11. Мaslyaev A.V. Paradigm for federal laws and standard documents of the Russian Federation on seismoprotection of buildings of the raised responsibility at earthquake. Vestnik VolgGASU. Seriya: Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura. 2015. Vol. 41 (60), pp. 74–84. (In Russian).
12. Мaslyaev A.V. Preservation of health of the people who are in buildings at earthquake. Prirodnye i tekhnogennye riski. Bezopasnost’ sooruzheniy. 2014. No. 2, pp. 38–42. (In Russian).
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