N.S. SOKOLOV1,2, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Associate Professor, Director (forstnpf@mail.ru, ns_sokolov@mail.ru)
1 OOO NPF «FORST» (109a, Kalinina Street, 428000, Cheboksary, Russian Federation)
2 I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University (15, Moskovskiy pr., 428015, Cheboksary, Russian Federation) Forecast of Settlement of Large-Size Foundations at High Pressures on the Base Relevant issues are the construction of the foundation of structures with high values of mean pressures under the foundation base. At PII mt reaching 680 kPa, the average settlement of the structures reaches S=200–580 mm. At the same time, vertical displacements sharply increase, after overcoming the average pressures constituting PII mt=250–300 кПА. Herewith, from 60% up to 70% of deformations of the bases occurs during the construction, and the rest 30%–40% – after the installation of the structures. With such high values of average pressures and settlements of foundations, the projected values of the vertical displacements of these structures during subsequent periods of their operation are of no small importance. The logarithmic function St=S0+ A ln(1+Bt) is a successful mathematical dependence for the prediction of settlements of foundations at any subsequent period of time.

Keywords: mean pressure, absolute settlement of foundation, engineering-geological elements, high-precision geometric leveling, forecast of base deformation.

For citation: Sokolov N.S. Forecast of settlement of large-size foundations at high pressures on the base. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 4, pp. 3–8. (In Russian).

References
1. Egorov K.E., Sokolov I.S. Patterns of deformation of bases of foundations with a large area. Рарers of The All-Union Conference on foundation engineering «Accelerating scientific and technical progress infoundation engineering». Moscow: Stroiizdat, 1987, pp. 55.
2. Egorov K.E., Sokolov N.S. Features of deformations of bases of foundations with a large area. Papers of The Fourth All-Union Conference on foundation engineering. Moscow: Stroiizdat, 1987.Vol. 2, pp. 44.
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4. Sokolov N.S., Ushkov S.M. Features of calculating the sediment of large-sized foundations under elevated pressure on soils. Papers of the scientific and technical conference «Geotechnics of the Volga region-IV». 4.2. «Bases and foundations.» Saratov, 1989, pp. 34.
5. Sokolov N.S. Deformation of the base of a circular foundation on a finite compressible layer. Trudy NIIOSP im. I.M. Gersevanova, 1987. Vol. 86, pp. 56. (In Russian).
6. Sokolov N.S. Сollaboration of the bases and foundations of the Russian NPP. Trudy NIIOSP im. I.M. Gersevanova. 1988, Vol. 87, pp. 65. (In Russian).
7. Sokolov N.S. Deformation of the base of a circular foundation on a finite compressible layer. Trudy NIIOSP im. I.M. Gersevanova, 1987. Vol. 86, pp. 86. (In Russian).
8. Sokolov N.S., Ushkov S.M. Estimated soil resistance at the base of large-sized foundations at elevated pressure. V kn. Stroitrl’nye constructsii [Building structures]. Cheboksary, 1992, pp. 66–67.

L.V. BOLSHEROTOVA1, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), (cccp49@mail.ru); A.L. BOLSHEROTOV2, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
1 Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (49, Timiryazevskaya Street, 127550, Moscow, Russian Federation)
2 OOO “Bark-91” (9-1, Abramtsevskaya Street, 127550, Moscow, Russian Federation)

Renovation in Moscow: Problems and Solutions Problems of the renovation and problems of the life quality in areas of new development related to it are considered. The article focuses on the transport problem of Moscow and the problem of parking of private vehicles in bedroom districts in particular. When planning the realization of the Moscow renovation program, designers don’t take into account the changed auto-transport situation in Moscow. If 60 years ago, when the program of providing citizens with individual apartments was realized, the norm of parking places was 30 per 1000 citizens, at present, the real number of private vehicles is over 500 automobiles per 1000 citizens, but the renovation program does not take this into account practically. The methodology for assessment of a development area in settlements proposed in the article makes it possible to take into account completely the current situation in cities with auto-transport, to plan the residential development of areas in accordance with “the factor of concentration degree” of real estate per a unit of square of urbanized territory that provides the life quality, ecological safety, and health of residents.

Keywords: renovation, real estate concentration, method for area assessment, concentration degree, area reserve, parking places, compaction of development, parkings.

For citation: Bolsherotova L.V., Bolsherotov A.L. Renovation in Moscow: problems and solutions. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 3, pp. 9–14. (In Russian).

References
1. Korshunov A.N. The renovations program – an opportunity to increase quality of housing for muscovites. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 10, pp. 20–25. (In Russian).
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3. Alekseev Yu.V., Leontyev B.V. Calculation of mashino-mest in the housing estate under elevated territories. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 4, pp. 21–25. (In Russian).
4. Streltsova N.V. Choubin V.I. The prospects of implementation of the program of renovation of shabby housing in Moscow. Ekonomika i predprinimatel’stvo. 2017. No. 5–2 (82–2), pp. 912–915. (In Russian).
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8. Filimonova I.I., Oak A.A Renovation of the housing estate with the factor analysis of the environment on the example of quarters no. 7, no. 8 south-eastern administrative district of Moscow. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2011. No. 5–2 (38), pp. 224a–227. (In Russian).
9. Prokofieva I.A. Five-storey apartment blocks – demolition or reconstruction: current trends. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2015. No. 4, pp. 43–46. (In Russian).
10. Ivanova O.A. Use of coefficient of quality of accommodation when developing address programs of development of the built-up territories. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 8, pp. 43. (In Russian).
11. Sergeyev A.S. Modelling of town-planning process on the basis of standard approach. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 4, pp. 3–7. (In Russia

L.V. KIEVSKIY, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor, Chief Researcher (mail@dev-city.ru), M.E. KARGASHIN, Programming Supervisor, OOO NPTS “City Development” (19, str. 3, Mira Avenue, Moscow, 129090, Russian Federation)

Renovation by City Blocks (Methodological Issues) This work is devoted to an important stage of urban planning – detailing of citywide planned indicators of the territorial renovation program (by city blocks). Methodological issues concerning the nomenclature of city blocks renovation in Moscow, simulation of the renovation process, principles of the combination of city block schedules, sequence of renovation by city blocks, the use of starting sites for the “opening” of a city block, optimization of the integrated implementation schedule of the program in terms of the year limit of commissioning and the total duration of the program are considered. In the course of the study, geospatial queries and cartographical analysis were widely used. A mathematical model for determining the duration of city blocks renovation (on the basis of geometrical progression) and a set of criteria of ranking city blocks for inclusion in the citywide schedule are proposed. The concepts of a “basic” city block (with own starting sites) and a chain of city blocks, a sequence of adjacent city blocks the renovation of which will begin after the “basic” one, are introduced. A calculation module for automated formation of renovation schedules for each city block and a summary citywide schedule of implementing the renovation program by city blocks are described.

Keywords: renovation city block, starting sites, basic city block, demolition houses, mathematical model of renovation, passport of city block, schedule of city block, renovation factor, coefficient of resettlement, limit of commissioning, commissioning schedule, renovation duration, chain of city blocks.

For citation: Kievskiy L.V., Kargashin M.E. Renovation by city blocks (methodological issues). Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 4, pp. 15–25. (In Russian).

References
1. Kievskiy L.V., Abyanov R.R. Evaluation of the place and birth of a building complex in the economy of Moscow. «CITY DEVELOPMENT» collection of proceedings 2006– 2014. Ed. by prof. L.V. Kievskiy. Moscow: SvR-ARGUS. 2014. 592 p. (pp. 53–53). (In Russian).
2. Kievskiy L.V. Housing reform and private construction sector In Russia. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2000. No. 5, pp. 2–5. (In Russian).
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4. Tikhomirov S.A., Kievskiy L.V., Kuleshova E.I., Kostin A.V., Sergeev A.S. Modeling of town-planning process. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2015. No. 9, pp. 51–55. (In Russian).
5. Kievskiy L.V., Kievskaya R.L., Mareev Yu.A. The main methodical directions of the formation of urban planning rating. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2015. No. 12, pp. 3–8. (In Russian).
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7. Kievskiy L.V., Kargashin M.E., Parkhomenko M.I., Sergeeva A.A. An organizational-economic model of renovation. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 3, pp. 47–55. (In Russian).
8. Kievskiy I.L., Pljaskina A.T. Readiness of the market of construction materials and machines of the Central Federal District of Russia for the renovation program in Moscow. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2017. No. 11, pp. 88–93. (In Russian).
9. Kievskiy L.V., Sergeeva A.A. Evaluation of the effects of urban development measures on the renovation of the quarters of the existing buildings in Moscow and their impact on the need for construction machines. Naukovedenie Internet journal. 2017. Vol. 9, No. 6, pp. 1–17. (In Russian).
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17. Kievskiy L.V., Kievskiy I.L. Prioritizing traffic city development framework. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2011. No. 10, pp. 3–6. (In Russian).
18. Kievskiy L.V. Applied organization of construction. Vestnik MGSU. 2017. No. 3, pp. 253–259. (In Russian).
19. Kievskiy L.V., Kievskaya R.L. Influence of town-planning decisions on the markets of real estate. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2013. No. 6, pp. 27–31. (In Russian).
20. Kievskiy I.L., Grishutin I.B., Kievskiy L.V. Distributed reorganization of blocks (pre-project stage). Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 1–2, pp. 23– 28. (In Russian).

P.D. ARLENINOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (arleninoff@gmail.com), S.B. KRYLOV, Doctor of Sciences JSC Research Center of Construction, Research Institute of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete named after A.A. Gvozdev (NIIZHB) (6, bldg. 1 2nd Institutskaya Street, 109428, Moscow, Russian Federation)

Role of Load Application Scheme for Ensuring the Bearing Capacity of Building Structures

Considered examples from the archive of works of NIIZHB named after A.A. Gvozdev, in which an additional load, not provided previously and which requires strengthening of building structures, is applied to the already existing building. This can relate both to the new construction and to objects under reconstruction. In case of new construction, at the design stage, it is easy to increase cross-sections of main bearing elements or their reinforcement, for erected buildings – the situation is more complicated. It is shown that it is necessary to check the possibility of alternative variants of load application, since it often helps to avoid costly strengthening works.

Keywords: load, strengthening, building structure, dismantling, calculation.

For citation: Arleninov P.D., Krylov S.B. Role of load application scheme for ensuring the bearing capacity of building structures. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 4, pp. 30–33. (In Russian).

References
1. Arleninov P.D., Krylov S.B. Constructive decisions on decrease in efforts in elements of a reinforced concrete framework of the building of hydroelectric power station. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 1–2, pp. 7–10. (In Russian).
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3. Travush V.I., Konin D.V., Rozhkova L.S., Krylov A.S., Kaprielov S.S., Chilin I.A., Martirosyan A.S., Fimkin A.I. Experimental study of composite structures, working for eccentric compression. ACADEMIA. Arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo. 2016. No. 3, pp. 127–135.
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S.A. SYCHEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (sasychev@ya.ru) Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, 2-ya Krasnoarmeiskaya ul., St. Petersburg, 190005, Russian Federation)

Perspective High-Tech Construction Systems for Prefabricated Transformable Multistory Buildings Industrial technologies for erection of prefabricated transformable buildings as an optimal combination of solutions make it possible to build multistory buildings with maximum possible compliance with energy efficient industrial high-speed erection of prefabricated buildings from the newest high-tech systems. Measures aimed at fulfilling the above requirements imply the implementation under the factory conditions of the complex of space-planning, structural, technological solutions as well as the provision of nstallation elements with modern, energy efficient engineering equipment and finishing. Thus, the complex use of basic provisions in practice makes it possible to create systems for construction of prefabricated buildings with pre-prepared foundations, roads, landscaping with engineering networks which allows for rapid construction of buildings from high-tech systems and operative connection of the building to pre-connected urban networks. The integral nature of “clean” construction sets a task, the solution of which is individually in each case, ensures sustainable development and is often innovative. The formation of the high-speed method of installation is to find rational solutions by means of successive analysis and changes in the components of labor and energy balance of the entire installation process.

Keywords: prefabricated buildings, unified module structures, pre-fabricated module buildings, high speed of construction.

For citation: Sychev S.А. Perspective high-tech construction systems for prefabricated transformable multistory buildings. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 4, pp. 36–40. (In Russian).

References
1. Asaul A.N., Kazakov Ju.N., Bykov B.JL, Knjaz’ I.P., Erofeev P.Ju. Teorija i praktika ispol’zovanija bystrovozvodimyh zdanij [Theory and practice of use of pre-fabricated buildings]. Saint Petersburg: Gumanistika, 2004. 463 р.
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16. Sychev S.A. Technological principles of rapid housing, the future of automated and robotic Assembly buildings. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2016. No. 3, pp. 66–70. (In Russian).
17. Sychev S.A., Bad’in G.M. Perspektivnye tehnologii stroitel’stva i rekonstrukcii zdanij [Perspective technologies of construction and reconstruction of buildings]. Saint Petersburg: Lan’, 2017. 292 p.
18. Sychev S.А. Industrial technology of installation of prefabricated transformable buildings in the Far North. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 3, pp. 71–78. (In Russian).
19. Sychev S.А. Technology Of High-speed Installation Of Prefabricated Buildings Of A High-tech Building Systems. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 1–2, pp. 42–46. (In Russian).

O.D. SAMARIN, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (samarinod@mgsu.ru), D.A. KIRUSHOK, Engineer National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yarislavskoye Highway, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation)

Estimation of External Climatic Parameters for Air Treatment with Indirect Evaporative Cooling in Plate Heat Recovery Units

Schematic diagram of processes in air conditioning unit, providing indirect evaporative cooling of supply air in the warm season with the use of plate recuperative cross flow heat exchanger designed for heat recovery of exhaust air in the cold period, is considered. Estimation of the necessary external climatic parameters for the modification of the known variants of this scheme, letting to apply the air humidifier designed specifically to increase the moisture content of the inflow in winter conditions for direct evaporative cooling the auxiliary stream in the warm period, through appropriate changes of direction of air flow in the installation is carried out. The correlation relationship between climatic parameters in accordance with the applicable regulatory documents of the Russian Federation is presented and the areas are identified where it is possible to use the reporting technology of air treatment to ensure the internal microclimate at the optimum level.

Keywords: air conditioning, evaporative cooling, humidifier, plate heat recovery unit, external climate.

For citation: Samarin O.D., Kirushok D.A. Estimation of external climatic parameters for air treatment with indirect evaporative cooling in plate heat recovery units. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 4, pp. 41–43. (In Russian).

References
1. Kokorin O.Ya. Energosberegayushchiye sistemy konditsionirovaniya vozdukha [Energy saving air conditioning systems]. Moscow: LES. 2007. 256 p.
2. Kokorin O.Ya., Balmazov M.V. Energy saving air conditioning systems. Santekhnika, otoplenie, konditsionirovanie. 2012. No. 11, pp. 68–71. (In Russian).
3. Malyavina E.G., Kryuchkova O.Yu. Estimation of the energy consumption of the different central air condition systems. Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik Povolzhya. 2014. No. 4, pp. 149–152. (In Russian).
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10. Samarin O.D., Lushin K.I., Kirushok D.A. Energy saving scheme of air treatment with indirect evaporative cooling in plate recuperators. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 1–2, pp. 43–46. (In Russian).
11. Samarin O.D. Osnovy obespecheniya mikroklimata zdanii [Bases of providing microclimate of buildings]. Moscow: ASV, 2014. 208 p.
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A.V. MASLYAEV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), victor3705@mail.ru Volgograd State Technical University (28a, Lenin Avenue, Volgograd, 400005, Russian Federation)

Inadequacy of the RF Federal Laws and Normative Documents in the Absence of a List of “Objects of Protection” under Dangerous Natural and Anthropogenic Effects

Each Federal Law and normative document of the Russian Federation has a “terms and definitions” section which presents special terms with an explanation of their concepts. The meaning of these terms is in the explanation of their contents. But the analysis of main terms in the RF federal documents of a construction content shows that in the presence of the list of effects of dangerous natural and anthropogenic phenomena at the territory of Russia, the main list of “objects of protection” for which they are all developed is absent. The article presents the list of “objects of protection” under effects of dangerous natural and anthropogenic phenomena for including it as a separate paragraph of the RF Federal Law.

Keywords: dangerous effects, objects of protection, loss of health, list of objects of protection, terms, definitions.

For citation: Maslyaev A.V. Inadequacy of the RF Federal Laws and normative documents in the absence of a list of “objects of protection” under dangerous natural and anthropogenic effects. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2018. No. 4, pp. 44–48. (In Russian).

References
1. Ulomov V.I, Shumilina L.S. Komplekt kart oshhego sejsmicheskogo rajonirovanija territorii Rossijskoj Federacii OSR-97 [The Complete set of cards of the general seismic division into districts of territory of Russian Federation ОСР-97]. Moscow: Оb’edinennyi institut fiziki zemli im. O.Yu. Shmidta. 1999. 57 р.
2. Masljaev A.V. Increase in the Loss of Health of the Population in Buildings During EarthquakeS in Federal Laws and Normative Documents of the Russian Federation. Zhilischnoe Stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2017. No. 4, pp. 43–47. (In Russian).
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