Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo №4
Table of contents
УДК 624.05
A.S. SERGEEV, Engineer Moscow state university of civil engineering (National Research University) (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation) Simulation of Urban Development Process on the Basis of Normative Approach
The urban development process for individual real estate projects covers design, construction, documentation of an object at different stages etc. The comparison of models of the factual organization of this process with the normative (ideal) one makes it possible to improve the efficiency of production, reveal reserves of productivity growth. This article considers issues of the formation of normative models of the urban development process that corresponds to the known approaches in the economic cybernetic, in the viable system model of Stafford Beer in particular, introduces the concept of real productivity (capability), when all the downtime and delays of the process are reduced to zero. Keywords: normative model of construction of residential objects and cost distribution, duration of urban development cycle. References
1. Kievskiy L.V., Kievskaya R.L. Influence of town-planning decisions on the markets of real estate. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2013. No. 6, pp. 27–31. (In Russian).
2. Kievskiy L.V., Horkina G.А. Realization of priorities of urban policy for the balanced development of Moscow. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2013. No. 8, pp. 54–57. (In Russian).
3. Kievskiy L.V. Мultiplicative effects of construction activity. Naukovedenie Internet journal. 2014. No. 3(22), pp. 104–109. (In Russian).
4. Levkin S.I., Kievskiy L.V., Shirov A.A. Multiplicative effect of Moscow building complex. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2014. No. 3, pp. 3–9. (In Russian).
5. Kievskiy L.V., Kievskiy I.L. Modern methods of network planning and management. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2005. No. 11, pp. 47–50. (In Russian).
6. Stafford Bir. Nauka upravleniya [The science of management]. LKI. 2010. 114 p. (In Russian).
7. Sergeev A.S. Consideration of risks in the assessment of construction projects. Modernization of investment-building and housing-municipal complexes. International collection of proceedings. Moscow: MGAKHiS. 2011, pp. 538–541. (In Russian).
8. Malyha G.G., Sinenko S.A., Vajnshtejn M.S., Kulikova E.N. Structural modeling of data: requisites of data object in construction modeling. Vestnik MGSU. 2012. No. 4, pp. 226–230. (In Russian).
9. Kievskiy L.V. From construction management to investment process in construction management. «Razvitie Goroda» collection of proceedings 2006-2014 Edited by Kievskiy L.V. Moscow. 2014, pp. 205–221. (In Russian).
10. Kievskiy L.V., Sergeev А.S. Town planning and labor productivity. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo. 2015. No. 9, pp. 55–59. (In Russian).
11. Shakhparonov V.V., Kievskiy L.V. Uniform system of preparation of construction production. Standardization stage. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 1986. No. 3, pp. 36–38. (In Russian).
12. Kievskiy L.V., Dgalilov F.F. Development of organizational decisions on creation of construction objects and their examination: problems and approaches. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 1995. No. 4, pp. 24–25. (In Russian).
13. Zhadanovskij B.V., Sinenko S.A., Kuzhin M.F. Practical organizational and technological diagrams of construction and erection work development in condition of operating enterprise reconstruction. Tehnologija i organizacija stroitel’nogo proizvodstva. 2014. No. 1, pp. 38–40. (In Russian).
14. Sinenko S.A., Kuzhina T.K. Modern information technologies in work of service of the customer (the technical customer). Nauchnoe obozrenie. 2015. No. 18, pp. 156–159. (In Russian).
A.S. SERGEEV, Engineer Moscow state university of civil engineering (National Research University) (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, Moscow, 129337, Russian Federation) Simulation of Urban Development Process on the Basis of Normative Approach
The urban development process for individual real estate projects covers design, construction, documentation of an object at different stages etc. The comparison of models of the factual organization of this process with the normative (ideal) one makes it possible to improve the efficiency of production, reveal reserves of productivity growth. This article considers issues of the formation of normative models of the urban development process that corresponds to the known approaches in the economic cybernetic, in the viable system model of Stafford Beer in particular, introduces the concept of real productivity (capability), when all the downtime and delays of the process are reduced to zero. Keywords: normative model of construction of residential objects and cost distribution, duration of urban development cycle. References
1. Kievskiy L.V., Kievskaya R.L. Influence of town-planning decisions on the markets of real estate. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2013. No. 6, pp. 27–31. (In Russian).
2. Kievskiy L.V., Horkina G.А. Realization of priorities of urban policy for the balanced development of Moscow. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2013. No. 8, pp. 54–57. (In Russian).
3. Kievskiy L.V. Мultiplicative effects of construction activity. Naukovedenie Internet journal. 2014. No. 3(22), pp. 104–109. (In Russian).
4. Levkin S.I., Kievskiy L.V., Shirov A.A. Multiplicative effect of Moscow building complex. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2014. No. 3, pp. 3–9. (In Russian).
5. Kievskiy L.V., Kievskiy I.L. Modern methods of network planning and management. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2005. No. 11, pp. 47–50. (In Russian).
6. Stafford Bir. Nauka upravleniya [The science of management]. LKI. 2010. 114 p. (In Russian).
7. Sergeev A.S. Consideration of risks in the assessment of construction projects. Modernization of investment-building and housing-municipal complexes. International collection of proceedings. Moscow: MGAKHiS. 2011, pp. 538–541. (In Russian).
8. Malyha G.G., Sinenko S.A., Vajnshtejn M.S., Kulikova E.N. Structural modeling of data: requisites of data object in construction modeling. Vestnik MGSU. 2012. No. 4, pp. 226–230. (In Russian).
9. Kievskiy L.V. From construction management to investment process in construction management. «Razvitie Goroda» collection of proceedings 2006-2014 Edited by Kievskiy L.V. Moscow. 2014, pp. 205–221. (In Russian).
10. Kievskiy L.V., Sergeev А.S. Town planning and labor productivity. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo. 2015. No. 9, pp. 55–59. (In Russian).
11. Shakhparonov V.V., Kievskiy L.V. Uniform system of preparation of construction production. Standardization stage. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 1986. No. 3, pp. 36–38. (In Russian).
12. Kievskiy L.V., Dgalilov F.F. Development of organizational decisions on creation of construction objects and their examination: problems and approaches. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 1995. No. 4, pp. 24–25. (In Russian).
13. Zhadanovskij B.V., Sinenko S.A., Kuzhin M.F. Practical organizational and technological diagrams of construction and erection work development in condition of operating enterprise reconstruction. Tehnologija i organizacija stroitel’nogo proizvodstva. 2014. No. 1, pp. 38–40. (In Russian).
14. Sinenko S.A., Kuzhina T.K. Modern information technologies in work of service of the customer (the technical customer). Nauchnoe obozrenie. 2015. No. 18, pp. 156–159. (In Russian).
УДК 728
A.G. BOL’SHAKOV, Doctor of Architecture Irkutsk National Research State Technical University (83, Lermontova Street, 664074, Irkutsk, Russian Federation) The Cost of Housing and Urban Development Properties of Areas of Housing Location (on the Example of Irkutsk)
The interrelation of the cost of housing for typical development and the quality of areas of its location is considered. As an indicator of the distribution of prices for housing in the city, a residential house of 114 series is adopted. Such development is presented in most areas of the city. It fills the free areas remained by 1980s in existing micro-districts. The intensity of the area with objects of social infrastructure and their accessibility is understood as a quality of micro-districts and districts. The comparison of ratings of districts on the example of the city of Irkutsk with the cost of typical residential developments located in these districts makes it possible to confirm the following regularity: the user value of housing increases due to the improvement of urban development quality of districts. According to Irkutsk data, the correlation among different districts is 62%. Keywords: typical development, indicator of districts quality, rating of districts, intensity and accessibility of objects of social infrastructure, comparison of ratings of districts and price for housing. References
1. Grigorieva M.A. Bogdanov V.N. Mapping the services sector of the city. Izvestiya IGU. Seriya «Nauki o zemle». Irkutsk, 2012. T. 5, pp. 108–117. (In Russian).
2. Bogdanov V.N. Functional types of Irkutsk buildings. Atlas of Irkutsk City development. Irkutsk: Publisher Institute of Geography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2011, pp. 114–115. (In Russian).
3. Blagova M.V. Socio-functional organization of the apartments typology system of the commercial dwellings of Rostov-on-Don case. Nauchnij vestnik Voronezskogo gosudarstvennogo arhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. Stroitel’stvo i arhitektura. 2015. No. 1 (37), pp. 138–148. (In Russian).
4. Klevakin A.N. Sibirskij gorod v epokhu peremen. [Siberian city in an era of the changes]. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2008. 116 p. (In Russian).
5. Safronov K.E. Safronov E.A. The accessibility as a town planning problem. ACADEMIA. Arhitektura i stroitel’stvo. 2009. No. 3, pp. 74–77. (In Russian).
6. Frank Wassenberg. The Netherlands: Adaptation of the carefully planned structure. Built Environment. Neighbourhood centers in Europe: yesterday, today and tomorrow, 2006. Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 12–31.
7. Jean-Pierre Levy. The population make-up of residential areas: structure and changes (Douai, France). Journal of housing and the built Environment. 2002. No. 17, pp. 293–319.
8. Bolshakov A.G. Assessment morphotypes of development as a reflection of the interests and values of the local community and their balance as the principle of the urban regeneration of the historic centre of. Vestnik IRGSU. 2012. No. 9, рp. 89–97. (In Russia).
9. Vil’kovskii M.B. Sotsiologiya arkhitektury [Architecture sociology]. M.: Fond «Russkii avangard», 2010. 592 p. (In Russian).
10. Krasnoshchekova N.S. Formirovanie prirodnogo karkasa v general’nykh planakh gorodov: uchebnoe posobie dlya vuzov [Formation of a natural framework in master plans of the cities]. M.: Arkhitektura S, 2010. 184 p. (In Russian).
11. Lavrik G.I. Anisimov A.I. Regional town-planning problems and their possible decision. Gradostroitel’stvo. 2010. No. 4, pp. 15–21. (In Russian).
12. Bol’shakov A.G., Cherepanov K.A. Metodika vybora parametrov zastroiki goroda na osnove otsenki ekologicheskikh rezhimov elementov form gorodskogo rel’efa. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 2, pp. 32–37. (In Russian).
13. Bolshakov A.G. Geoplastika in architecture and landscape planning [Geoplastika v arkhitekture i planirovke landshafta]. Irkutsk: Institute of geography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 2008. 146 p. (In Russian).
14. Kazhaeva L.B. Building morphotypes – in the theory and in practice. Arkhitekturnyi vestnik. 2011. No. 4 (121), pp. 42–47. (In Russian).
15. Bolshakov A.G. Town-planning form of a city landscape as a condition and result of planning and regulation of town-planning activity in Irkutsk. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta. 2010. No. 7, pp. 70–80. (In Russian).
16. Bauer N.W., Shabatura L.N. Kultura of formation of a steady urban environment. Vestnik Ishimskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo instituta im. P.P. Ershova. 2013. Т. 9. No. 3, pp. 4–9. (In Russian).
17. Cherkasova Yu. V. Standard architecture of the Soviet period in a cultural and historical context (on the example of Komsomolsk-on-Amur). Molodoi uchenyi. 2012. No. 1. T. 2, рр. 155–158. (In Russian).
18. Bol’shakov A.G. Social Efficiency of Urban Planning. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 1–2, pp. 51–57. (In Russian).
A.G. BOL’SHAKOV, Doctor of Architecture Irkutsk National Research State Technical University (83, Lermontova Street, 664074, Irkutsk, Russian Federation) The Cost of Housing and Urban Development Properties of Areas of Housing Location (on the Example of Irkutsk)
The interrelation of the cost of housing for typical development and the quality of areas of its location is considered. As an indicator of the distribution of prices for housing in the city, a residential house of 114 series is adopted. Such development is presented in most areas of the city. It fills the free areas remained by 1980s in existing micro-districts. The intensity of the area with objects of social infrastructure and their accessibility is understood as a quality of micro-districts and districts. The comparison of ratings of districts on the example of the city of Irkutsk with the cost of typical residential developments located in these districts makes it possible to confirm the following regularity: the user value of housing increases due to the improvement of urban development quality of districts. According to Irkutsk data, the correlation among different districts is 62%. Keywords: typical development, indicator of districts quality, rating of districts, intensity and accessibility of objects of social infrastructure, comparison of ratings of districts and price for housing. References
1. Grigorieva M.A. Bogdanov V.N. Mapping the services sector of the city. Izvestiya IGU. Seriya «Nauki o zemle». Irkutsk, 2012. T. 5, pp. 108–117. (In Russian).
2. Bogdanov V.N. Functional types of Irkutsk buildings. Atlas of Irkutsk City development. Irkutsk: Publisher Institute of Geography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2011, pp. 114–115. (In Russian).
3. Blagova M.V. Socio-functional organization of the apartments typology system of the commercial dwellings of Rostov-on-Don case. Nauchnij vestnik Voronezskogo gosudarstvennogo arhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta. Stroitel’stvo i arhitektura. 2015. No. 1 (37), pp. 138–148. (In Russian).
4. Klevakin A.N. Sibirskij gorod v epokhu peremen. [Siberian city in an era of the changes]. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2008. 116 p. (In Russian).
5. Safronov K.E. Safronov E.A. The accessibility as a town planning problem. ACADEMIA. Arhitektura i stroitel’stvo. 2009. No. 3, pp. 74–77. (In Russian).
6. Frank Wassenberg. The Netherlands: Adaptation of the carefully planned structure. Built Environment. Neighbourhood centers in Europe: yesterday, today and tomorrow, 2006. Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 12–31.
7. Jean-Pierre Levy. The population make-up of residential areas: structure and changes (Douai, France). Journal of housing and the built Environment. 2002. No. 17, pp. 293–319.
8. Bolshakov A.G. Assessment morphotypes of development as a reflection of the interests and values of the local community and their balance as the principle of the urban regeneration of the historic centre of. Vestnik IRGSU. 2012. No. 9, рp. 89–97. (In Russia).
9. Vil’kovskii M.B. Sotsiologiya arkhitektury [Architecture sociology]. M.: Fond «Russkii avangard», 2010. 592 p. (In Russian).
10. Krasnoshchekova N.S. Formirovanie prirodnogo karkasa v general’nykh planakh gorodov: uchebnoe posobie dlya vuzov [Formation of a natural framework in master plans of the cities]. M.: Arkhitektura S, 2010. 184 p. (In Russian).
11. Lavrik G.I. Anisimov A.I. Regional town-planning problems and their possible decision. Gradostroitel’stvo. 2010. No. 4, pp. 15–21. (In Russian).
12. Bol’shakov A.G., Cherepanov K.A. Metodika vybora parametrov zastroiki goroda na osnove otsenki ekologicheskikh rezhimov elementov form gorodskogo rel’efa. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 2, pp. 32–37. (In Russian).
13. Bolshakov A.G. Geoplastika in architecture and landscape planning [Geoplastika v arkhitekture i planirovke landshafta]. Irkutsk: Institute of geography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 2008. 146 p. (In Russian).
14. Kazhaeva L.B. Building morphotypes – in the theory and in practice. Arkhitekturnyi vestnik. 2011. No. 4 (121), pp. 42–47. (In Russian).
15. Bolshakov A.G. Town-planning form of a city landscape as a condition and result of planning and regulation of town-planning activity in Irkutsk. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta. 2010. No. 7, pp. 70–80. (In Russian).
16. Bauer N.W., Shabatura L.N. Kultura of formation of a steady urban environment. Vestnik Ishimskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo instituta im. P.P. Ershova. 2013. Т. 9. No. 3, pp. 4–9. (In Russian).
17. Cherkasova Yu. V. Standard architecture of the Soviet period in a cultural and historical context (on the example of Komsomolsk-on-Amur). Molodoi uchenyi. 2012. No. 1. T. 2, рр. 155–158. (In Russian).
18. Bol’shakov A.G. Social Efficiency of Urban Planning. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2016. No. 1–2, pp. 51–57. (In Russian).
УДК 699.841:69.032.22
A.V. SOSNIN, Engineer, Senior Lecturer Moscow State University of Railway Engineering, Smolensk Branch (45, Belyaeva Street, 214012, Smolensk, Russian Federation) About Shear Walls Parameters of Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings for Erecting in Seismic Areas (on Calculation of Results of a Multi-Storey Residential Building by Pushover Analysis Using Software SAP2000)
A checking calculation of a 15-story RC frame building with rigid shear walls using non-linear static (Pushover) analysis was conducted. An approach for estimating of lumped plasticity in multi-story shear walls is provided. The seismic response of the system was estimated with hinge zones taking into account the latter being defined in main RC members in the process of the frame computational inelastic model generating using software SAP2000. An equation of total length of co-directional shear walls using for estimation on conceptual earthquake-resistant design stage is suggested. Keywords: conceptual earthquake-resistant design methodology, m2,5ulti-storey frame building with shear walls, nonlinear static (Pushover) analysis, plastichinge length (lumped plasticity), plastic hinge interaction diagram, base shear ratio; co-directional shear walls length, SAP2000. References
1. Аjzenberg YA.M. Uroki poslednikh razrushitel’nykh zemletryasenij. Sovershenstvovanie antisejsmicheskogo proektirovaniya i stroitel’stva [Last devastating earthquakes lessons. Development of earthquake engineering and design.]. Earthquake Engineering Research Center of the V.A. Kucherenko Central Scientific Research Institute for Building Structures. Moscow, VNIINTPI, 2000. 111 p. (In Russian).
2. Tsuchia H. Damaged to reinforced concrete buildings due to the Ohita Earthquake of April 21, 1975 // Design and Engineering Decisions. The VIth International conference on seismic buildings. New Delhi, 1977.
3. Wyllie L.A. Analysis of the Collapsed Armenian Precast Concrete Frame Buildings. Earthquake Engineering, The 10th World Conference. Rotterdam, 1992. Vol. 1, pp. 63–66.
4. Belov N.N., Kabantsev O.V., Kopanitsa D.G., YUgov N.T. Raschetno-ehksperimental’nyj metod analiza dinamicheskoj prochnosti ehlementov zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsij [Calculation-experimental method for analysis of RC structures dynamic strength]. Tomsk: STT Publ., 2008. 292 p. (In Russian).
5. Kurzanov А.M. CHto mozhno ozhidat’ ot sleduyushhego zemletryaseniya v Rossii [What can we expect from the next earthquake in Russia]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2012. No. 2, pp. 53–55. (In Russian).
6. Mkrtychev O.V., Dzhinchvelashvili G.А. Problemy uchyota nelinejnostej v teorii sejsmostojkosti (gipotezy i zabluzhdeniya) [Problems of nonlinearities in seismic resistance theory (hypotheses and errors)]. Moscow: MSUCE Publ., 2012. 192 p. (In Russian).
7. Gol’denblat I.I., Polyakov S.V. Problema «inzhenernogo riska» v sejsmostojkom stroitel’stve [The «engineering risk» problem in earthquake construction] // Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschyot sooruzhenij. 1975. No. 6, pp. 41–44. (In Russian).
8. Mkrtychev O.V., Dzhinchvelashvili G.А. Sravnitel’nyj analiz usilij v nesushhikh ehlementakh zhelezobetonnykh zdanij pri ehkspluatatsionnykh i sejsmicheskikh nagruzkakh [Comparative analysis of efforts in RC building members under operational and seismic loads] // Meeting of RAACS Scientific Council on Seismology and Earthquake Engineering. Moscow, October 29, 2014. (In Russian).
9. Sosnin А.V. Computational estimation of seismic stability of multi-storey RC braced-frame building using near-collapse criterion by Capacity Spectrum Method (with software SAP2000). Scientific researches and investigations of young scientists: Proceedings of the VIth International youth scientific and practical conference, October 16, 2015. Novosibirsk: NNSTU Publ. 2015, pp. 76–89. (In Russian).
10. Sosnin А.V. Using Pushover analysis for estimation of shear capacity influencing of rigid walls on seismic resistance of multi-storey RC braced-frame system (with software SAP2000). Annual international academic RAACS Readings «Safety of construction reserves of Russia. Problems and decisions», November 19–20, 2015. Kursk: KSU Publ. 2015, pp. 204–219. (In Russian).
11. Fotin O.V. Sistema RKD «Irkutskij karkas» mnogoehtazhnykh zdanij i sooruzhenij. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2015. No. 5, pp. 65–68. (In Russian).
12. Borges J.F., Grases J., Ravara A. Behaviour of Tall Buildings During the Caracas Earthquake of 1967. Proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Santiago, Chile, 1969.
13. Sosnin А.V. About Pushover analysis features and its coherence with the standard calculation procedure (CSM) of building and structures under seismic loads. Vestnik YUUrGU. Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura. 2016. Vol. 16. No. 1, pp. 12–19. (In Russian).
14. Fahjan Y.M., Kubin J., Tan M.T. Nonlinear Analysis Methods for Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Shear walls. The 14th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 30 August – 03 September, Ohrid, 2010. 8 p.
15. Sosnin А.V. Earthquake resistance shortage estimation features of RC frame buildings using nonlinear static analysis and software SAP2000 // Tekhnicheskoe regulirovanie v transportnom stroitel’stve. 2015. No. 6 (14). URL: trts.esrae. ru/25-137. (In Russian).
16. At mtay E. Çerçeveli ve Perdeli Betonarme Sistemlerin Tasar m (Design of Reinforced Concrete Framed and Shear Wall Structures). Vol. 1&2. Revised 2nd Ed., Ankara, 2001.
17. Issledovanie vliyaniya parametrov diafragm, prinyatykh na stadii kontseptual’nogo proektirovaniya, na reaktsiyu mnogoehtazhnogo zhelezobetonnogo ramno-svyazevogo karkasa metodom nelinejnogo staticheskogo analiza (dlya rajona s umerennoj sejsmichnost’yu): Otchyot o NIR from MIIT, Smolensk Branch; Project coordinator A.V. Sosnin, Smolensk, 2015. 52 p. (In Russian).
18. Paulay N., Priestley M.J.N. Seismic design of reinforced concrete and masonry buildings. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. 744 p.
19. Corley W.G. Rotational Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Beams. Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE. 1966. Vol. 92. No. ST10, pp. 121–146.
20. Bednyakov V.G., Nefedov S.S., YUgaj T.Z. Damageability evaluation of high-rise and extended buildings and constructions of railway transport at seismic loads // Transport. Nauka. Tekhnika. Upravlenie. 2003. No. 12, pp. 24–32. (In Russian).
21. Dzhinchvelashvili G.А., Sosnin А.V. Some features analysis of constructions nonlinear response in Seismic Building Code. Subsection «Construction mechanics and constructions reliability theory». Proceedings of the 71st Scientific and methodical and research conference (with the international youth participation), January 29 – February 7, 2013. Moscow: MSARTU, 2013. pp. 67–69. URL: http:// pandia.ru/text/78/586/49138-2.php (In Russian).
22. Nazarov YU.P., Ojzerman V.I. The 3-models method for earthquake resistance estimation of structures under seismic loads. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschyot sooruzhenij. 2007. № 6, pp. 6–8. (In Russian).
23. Аshimbaev M.U., Itskov I.E. Ensuring reliability problems of high-rise buildings erected in seismic areas. Sejsmostojkoe stroitel’stvo. Bezopasnost’ sooruzhenij. 2005, No. 4, pp. 50–53. (In Russian).
24. Esmaeili H., Kheyroddin A., Naderpour H. Seismic Behavior of Steel Moment Resisting Frames Associated with RC Shear Walls. The International Journal of Science & Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering. Vol. 37. no.C+. pp. 395–407.
25. Egupov V.K., Kamandrina T.А. Raschyot zdanij na sejsmicheskie vozdejstviya [Analysis of structures on seismic loads]. Kiev: Budivel’nik Publ., 1969. 208 p. (In Russian).
26. Skladnev N.N., Аndreev O.O., Ojzerman V.I. Correction offers of basic estimated provisions of Seismic Building Code II-7–81 chapter. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschyot sooruzhenij. 1990. No. 10, pp. 10–14. (In Russian).
A.V. SOSNIN, Engineer, Senior Lecturer Moscow State University of Railway Engineering, Smolensk Branch (45, Belyaeva Street, 214012, Smolensk, Russian Federation) About Shear Walls Parameters of Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings for Erecting in Seismic Areas (on Calculation of Results of a Multi-Storey Residential Building by Pushover Analysis Using Software SAP2000)
A checking calculation of a 15-story RC frame building with rigid shear walls using non-linear static (Pushover) analysis was conducted. An approach for estimating of lumped plasticity in multi-story shear walls is provided. The seismic response of the system was estimated with hinge zones taking into account the latter being defined in main RC members in the process of the frame computational inelastic model generating using software SAP2000. An equation of total length of co-directional shear walls using for estimation on conceptual earthquake-resistant design stage is suggested. Keywords: conceptual earthquake-resistant design methodology, m2,5ulti-storey frame building with shear walls, nonlinear static (Pushover) analysis, plastichinge length (lumped plasticity), plastic hinge interaction diagram, base shear ratio; co-directional shear walls length, SAP2000. References
1. Аjzenberg YA.M. Uroki poslednikh razrushitel’nykh zemletryasenij. Sovershenstvovanie antisejsmicheskogo proektirovaniya i stroitel’stva [Last devastating earthquakes lessons. Development of earthquake engineering and design.]. Earthquake Engineering Research Center of the V.A. Kucherenko Central Scientific Research Institute for Building Structures. Moscow, VNIINTPI, 2000. 111 p. (In Russian).
2. Tsuchia H. Damaged to reinforced concrete buildings due to the Ohita Earthquake of April 21, 1975 // Design and Engineering Decisions. The VIth International conference on seismic buildings. New Delhi, 1977.
3. Wyllie L.A. Analysis of the Collapsed Armenian Precast Concrete Frame Buildings. Earthquake Engineering, The 10th World Conference. Rotterdam, 1992. Vol. 1, pp. 63–66.
4. Belov N.N., Kabantsev O.V., Kopanitsa D.G., YUgov N.T. Raschetno-ehksperimental’nyj metod analiza dinamicheskoj prochnosti ehlementov zhelezobetonnykh konstruktsij [Calculation-experimental method for analysis of RC structures dynamic strength]. Tomsk: STT Publ., 2008. 292 p. (In Russian).
5. Kurzanov А.M. CHto mozhno ozhidat’ ot sleduyushhego zemletryaseniya v Rossii [What can we expect from the next earthquake in Russia]. Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel’stvo. 2012. No. 2, pp. 53–55. (In Russian).
6. Mkrtychev O.V., Dzhinchvelashvili G.А. Problemy uchyota nelinejnostej v teorii sejsmostojkosti (gipotezy i zabluzhdeniya) [Problems of nonlinearities in seismic resistance theory (hypotheses and errors)]. Moscow: MSUCE Publ., 2012. 192 p. (In Russian).
7. Gol’denblat I.I., Polyakov S.V. Problema «inzhenernogo riska» v sejsmostojkom stroitel’stve [The «engineering risk» problem in earthquake construction] // Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschyot sooruzhenij. 1975. No. 6, pp. 41–44. (In Russian).
8. Mkrtychev O.V., Dzhinchvelashvili G.А. Sravnitel’nyj analiz usilij v nesushhikh ehlementakh zhelezobetonnykh zdanij pri ehkspluatatsionnykh i sejsmicheskikh nagruzkakh [Comparative analysis of efforts in RC building members under operational and seismic loads] // Meeting of RAACS Scientific Council on Seismology and Earthquake Engineering. Moscow, October 29, 2014. (In Russian).
9. Sosnin А.V. Computational estimation of seismic stability of multi-storey RC braced-frame building using near-collapse criterion by Capacity Spectrum Method (with software SAP2000). Scientific researches and investigations of young scientists: Proceedings of the VIth International youth scientific and practical conference, October 16, 2015. Novosibirsk: NNSTU Publ. 2015, pp. 76–89. (In Russian).
10. Sosnin А.V. Using Pushover analysis for estimation of shear capacity influencing of rigid walls on seismic resistance of multi-storey RC braced-frame system (with software SAP2000). Annual international academic RAACS Readings «Safety of construction reserves of Russia. Problems and decisions», November 19–20, 2015. Kursk: KSU Publ. 2015, pp. 204–219. (In Russian).
11. Fotin O.V. Sistema RKD «Irkutskij karkas» mnogoehtazhnykh zdanij i sooruzhenij. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2015. No. 5, pp. 65–68. (In Russian).
12. Borges J.F., Grases J., Ravara A. Behaviour of Tall Buildings During the Caracas Earthquake of 1967. Proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Santiago, Chile, 1969.
13. Sosnin А.V. About Pushover analysis features and its coherence with the standard calculation procedure (CSM) of building and structures under seismic loads. Vestnik YUUrGU. Stroitel’stvo i arkhitektura. 2016. Vol. 16. No. 1, pp. 12–19. (In Russian).
14. Fahjan Y.M., Kubin J., Tan M.T. Nonlinear Analysis Methods for Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Shear walls. The 14th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 30 August – 03 September, Ohrid, 2010. 8 p.
15. Sosnin А.V. Earthquake resistance shortage estimation features of RC frame buildings using nonlinear static analysis and software SAP2000 // Tekhnicheskoe regulirovanie v transportnom stroitel’stve. 2015. No. 6 (14). URL: trts.esrae. ru/25-137. (In Russian).
16. At mtay E. Çerçeveli ve Perdeli Betonarme Sistemlerin Tasar m (Design of Reinforced Concrete Framed and Shear Wall Structures). Vol. 1&2. Revised 2nd Ed., Ankara, 2001.
17. Issledovanie vliyaniya parametrov diafragm, prinyatykh na stadii kontseptual’nogo proektirovaniya, na reaktsiyu mnogoehtazhnogo zhelezobetonnogo ramno-svyazevogo karkasa metodom nelinejnogo staticheskogo analiza (dlya rajona s umerennoj sejsmichnost’yu): Otchyot o NIR from MIIT, Smolensk Branch; Project coordinator A.V. Sosnin, Smolensk, 2015. 52 p. (In Russian).
18. Paulay N., Priestley M.J.N. Seismic design of reinforced concrete and masonry buildings. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992. 744 p.
19. Corley W.G. Rotational Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Beams. Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE. 1966. Vol. 92. No. ST10, pp. 121–146.
20. Bednyakov V.G., Nefedov S.S., YUgaj T.Z. Damageability evaluation of high-rise and extended buildings and constructions of railway transport at seismic loads // Transport. Nauka. Tekhnika. Upravlenie. 2003. No. 12, pp. 24–32. (In Russian).
21. Dzhinchvelashvili G.А., Sosnin А.V. Some features analysis of constructions nonlinear response in Seismic Building Code. Subsection «Construction mechanics and constructions reliability theory». Proceedings of the 71st Scientific and methodical and research conference (with the international youth participation), January 29 – February 7, 2013. Moscow: MSARTU, 2013. pp. 67–69. URL: http:// pandia.ru/text/78/586/49138-2.php (In Russian).
22. Nazarov YU.P., Ojzerman V.I. The 3-models method for earthquake resistance estimation of structures under seismic loads. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschyot sooruzhenij. 2007. № 6, pp. 6–8. (In Russian).
23. Аshimbaev M.U., Itskov I.E. Ensuring reliability problems of high-rise buildings erected in seismic areas. Sejsmostojkoe stroitel’stvo. Bezopasnost’ sooruzhenij. 2005, No. 4, pp. 50–53. (In Russian).
24. Esmaeili H., Kheyroddin A., Naderpour H. Seismic Behavior of Steel Moment Resisting Frames Associated with RC Shear Walls. The International Journal of Science & Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering. Vol. 37. no.C+. pp. 395–407.
25. Egupov V.K., Kamandrina T.А. Raschyot zdanij na sejsmicheskie vozdejstviya [Analysis of structures on seismic loads]. Kiev: Budivel’nik Publ., 1969. 208 p. (In Russian).
26. Skladnev N.N., Аndreev O.O., Ojzerman V.I. Correction offers of basic estimated provisions of Seismic Building Code II-7–81 chapter. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschyot sooruzhenij. 1990. No. 10, pp. 10–14. (In Russian).
УДК 699.86
O.D. SAMARIN, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation) Using of the Procedure of SP 50.13330.2012 for Estimation of Dependence of Thermal Indexes of Building Shell from the Amount of Storeys
Dependence of main thermal indexes of a residential building from the amount of its storeys with use of proce-dure of the SP 50.13330.2012 on an example of one of standard projects for mass building is considered. Geometrical parameters and results of calculations of compactness factor, the general factor of a heat transfer through a shell and the specific index of thermal performance for investigated object are resulted at base amount of storeys. Results of calculations of the specified indicators of a building at various quantities of floors and an invariable lay-out of premis-es are presented. The analysis of the received data with a substantiation of the revealed behavior of investigated sizes, proceeding from the building form in the plan is given, and conclusions rather the most expedient height of object from the point of view of conformity of its thermal indicators to complex requirements of the SP 50.13330.2012 are drawn. The statement is illustrated by graphic and numerical examples. Keywords: thermal resistance, specific index of thermal performance, compactness factor, amount of storeys. References
1. Gagarin V.G., Kozlov V.V. Theoretical reasons for calculation of reduced thermal resistance of building enclosures. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction materials]. 2010. No. 12, рр. 4–12. (In Russian).
2. Gagarin V.G., Dmitriev K.A. Account of thermal nonuniformities during estimation of thermal performance of building enclosures in Russia and European countries. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction materials]. 2013. No. 6, рр. 14–16. (In Russian).
3. Gagarin V.G. On deficient justification of increased demands to the thermal performance of external building enclosures (Chances No. 3 to SNiP II-3–79). Papers of the 3rd conf. of NIISF, 1998, April 23–25, рр. 69–95. (In Russian).
4. Samarin O.D. Thermal physics. Energy saving. Energy efficiency. Moscow: ASV. 2011. 296 p. (In Russian).
5. Samarin O.D. Fedorchenko Y.D. The Influence of Microclimate Control Systems on the Grade of Maintenance of Internal Air Parameters. Vestnik MGSU. 2011. No. 7, рр. 124–128. (In Russian).
6. Rymarov A.G., Savichev V.V. Features of operation of the regenerative ventilating system of the administrative building. Vestnik MGSU. 2013. No. 3, рр. 174–177. (In Russian).
7. Hou Hua Wang, Tao Zhang, Qiu Lian Xiao. Experimental Study of Energy Saving Effect of Building Envelope in Winter // Applied Mechanics and Materials (Vols. 121–126). 2011, рр. 2741–2747.
8. Friess W.A., Rakhshan K., Hendawi T.A., Tajerzadeh S. Wall insulation measures for residential villas in Dubai: A case study in energy efficiency. Energy and Buildings. 2012. Vol. 44, рр. 26–32.
O.D. SAMARIN, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation) Using of the Procedure of SP 50.13330.2012 for Estimation of Dependence of Thermal Indexes of Building Shell from the Amount of Storeys
Dependence of main thermal indexes of a residential building from the amount of its storeys with use of proce-dure of the SP 50.13330.2012 on an example of one of standard projects for mass building is considered. Geometrical parameters and results of calculations of compactness factor, the general factor of a heat transfer through a shell and the specific index of thermal performance for investigated object are resulted at base amount of storeys. Results of calculations of the specified indicators of a building at various quantities of floors and an invariable lay-out of premis-es are presented. The analysis of the received data with a substantiation of the revealed behavior of investigated sizes, proceeding from the building form in the plan is given, and conclusions rather the most expedient height of object from the point of view of conformity of its thermal indicators to complex requirements of the SP 50.13330.2012 are drawn. The statement is illustrated by graphic and numerical examples. Keywords: thermal resistance, specific index of thermal performance, compactness factor, amount of storeys. References
1. Gagarin V.G., Kozlov V.V. Theoretical reasons for calculation of reduced thermal resistance of building enclosures. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction materials]. 2010. No. 12, рр. 4–12. (In Russian).
2. Gagarin V.G., Dmitriev K.A. Account of thermal nonuniformities during estimation of thermal performance of building enclosures in Russia and European countries. Stroitel’nye materialy [Construction materials]. 2013. No. 6, рр. 14–16. (In Russian).
3. Gagarin V.G. On deficient justification of increased demands to the thermal performance of external building enclosures (Chances No. 3 to SNiP II-3–79). Papers of the 3rd conf. of NIISF, 1998, April 23–25, рр. 69–95. (In Russian).
4. Samarin O.D. Thermal physics. Energy saving. Energy efficiency. Moscow: ASV. 2011. 296 p. (In Russian).
5. Samarin O.D. Fedorchenko Y.D. The Influence of Microclimate Control Systems on the Grade of Maintenance of Internal Air Parameters. Vestnik MGSU. 2011. No. 7, рр. 124–128. (In Russian).
6. Rymarov A.G., Savichev V.V. Features of operation of the regenerative ventilating system of the administrative building. Vestnik MGSU. 2013. No. 3, рр. 174–177. (In Russian).
7. Hou Hua Wang, Tao Zhang, Qiu Lian Xiao. Experimental Study of Energy Saving Effect of Building Envelope in Winter // Applied Mechanics and Materials (Vols. 121–126). 2011, рр. 2741–2747.
8. Friess W.A., Rakhshan K., Hendawi T.A., Tajerzadeh S. Wall insulation measures for residential villas in Dubai: A case study in energy efficiency. Energy and Buildings. 2012. Vol. 44, рр. 26–32.
УДК 72.03:624
O.S. SUBBOTIN, Doctor of Architecture Kuban State Agrarian University (13, Kalinina Street., 350044, Krasnodar, Russian Federation) The temple architecture of Krasnodar (Ekaterinodar): the evolution of architectural and urban culture
The article is devoted to the church architecture of Krasnodar (Ekaterinodar), which is an integral part of not only the Kuban culture, but also in the whole of Russian culture. Background research is due to the necessity of scientific development problems associated with the study of the historical origins of identity church architecture Kuban. Particular attention should be the history of the architecture of Orthodox religious buildings built in the late XIX – early XX centuries. Considered the cathedrals – the Cathedral of St. Catherine and Holy Trinity: churches – St. George and St. Elias and the temple of the icon of the Mother of God «Joy of all who sorrow». Scientific novelty of the article is that for the first time analyzed the features of the considered urban churches. The practical significance of a scientific article is that the study results can be used in carrying out the projects of restoration and conservation of monuments of Christian architecture of the region. Keywords: church architecture, church architecture, cathedral, tradition, conservation, heritage, Kuban, monument, structure References
1. Shakhova G.S. Ulitsy Krasnodara rasskazyvayut. V Karasunskom kute [Streets of Krasnodar tell. In Karasunskom booze]. Krasnodar: Krasnodarskii izd.-poligraf. kompleks, 2007. 196 р. (In Russian).
2. Subbotin O.S. Army Alexander Nevsky Cathedral of Mr. Ekaterinodar. Architecture of steady society: materials of the international scientific and practical conference. Rostov-na- Donu: IArKhI, 2011, рр. 46–49. (In Russian).
3. Bardadym V.P. Arkhitektura Ekaterinodara [Ekaterinodar’s architecture]. Krasnodar: Lebedev Yu. Yu., 2000. 400 p. (In Russian).
4. Subbotin O. S. Temple architecture of Kuban and cultural loan of the slavyano-vyzantine traditions. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2012. No. 1, pp. 45–47. (In Russian).
5. Subbotin O. S. Formation of temple architecture of Kuban. Architectural heritage istororicheskikh of the cities: materials of the All-Russian scientific conference. Saratov: SGTU, 2013, pp. 50–55. (In Russian).
6. Koveshnikov V. N. Ocherki po toponimike Kubani [Sketches on toponymics of Kuban]. Krasnodar: Mir Kubani, 2006. 252 p. (In Russian).
7. Apostolov L.Ya. Geograficheskii ocherk Kubanskoi oblasti [Geografichesky sketch of the Kuban area]. Krasnodar: Traditsi, 2010. 320 p. (In Russian).
8. Nadezhdin P.P. Kavkazskii krai: priroda i lyudi [Caucasian edge: nature and people]. Krasnodar: Traditsi, 2010. 344 p. (In Russian).
9. Subbotin of O. S. Metodologiya of research of architectural and town-planning development of Kuban. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 8, pp. 29–34. (In Russian)
10. Subbotin O. S. Features of regeneration of quarters of historical building. P. 1. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2012. No. 10, pp. 22–25. (In Russian).
O.S. SUBBOTIN, Doctor of Architecture Kuban State Agrarian University (13, Kalinina Street., 350044, Krasnodar, Russian Federation) The temple architecture of Krasnodar (Ekaterinodar): the evolution of architectural and urban culture
The article is devoted to the church architecture of Krasnodar (Ekaterinodar), which is an integral part of not only the Kuban culture, but also in the whole of Russian culture. Background research is due to the necessity of scientific development problems associated with the study of the historical origins of identity church architecture Kuban. Particular attention should be the history of the architecture of Orthodox religious buildings built in the late XIX – early XX centuries. Considered the cathedrals – the Cathedral of St. Catherine and Holy Trinity: churches – St. George and St. Elias and the temple of the icon of the Mother of God «Joy of all who sorrow». Scientific novelty of the article is that for the first time analyzed the features of the considered urban churches. The practical significance of a scientific article is that the study results can be used in carrying out the projects of restoration and conservation of monuments of Christian architecture of the region. Keywords: church architecture, church architecture, cathedral, tradition, conservation, heritage, Kuban, monument, structure References
1. Shakhova G.S. Ulitsy Krasnodara rasskazyvayut. V Karasunskom kute [Streets of Krasnodar tell. In Karasunskom booze]. Krasnodar: Krasnodarskii izd.-poligraf. kompleks, 2007. 196 р. (In Russian).
2. Subbotin O.S. Army Alexander Nevsky Cathedral of Mr. Ekaterinodar. Architecture of steady society: materials of the international scientific and practical conference. Rostov-na- Donu: IArKhI, 2011, рр. 46–49. (In Russian).
3. Bardadym V.P. Arkhitektura Ekaterinodara [Ekaterinodar’s architecture]. Krasnodar: Lebedev Yu. Yu., 2000. 400 p. (In Russian).
4. Subbotin O. S. Temple architecture of Kuban and cultural loan of the slavyano-vyzantine traditions. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2012. No. 1, pp. 45–47. (In Russian).
5. Subbotin O. S. Formation of temple architecture of Kuban. Architectural heritage istororicheskikh of the cities: materials of the All-Russian scientific conference. Saratov: SGTU, 2013, pp. 50–55. (In Russian).
6. Koveshnikov V. N. Ocherki po toponimike Kubani [Sketches on toponymics of Kuban]. Krasnodar: Mir Kubani, 2006. 252 p. (In Russian).
7. Apostolov L.Ya. Geograficheskii ocherk Kubanskoi oblasti [Geografichesky sketch of the Kuban area]. Krasnodar: Traditsi, 2010. 320 p. (In Russian).
8. Nadezhdin P.P. Kavkazskii krai: priroda i lyudi [Caucasian edge: nature and people]. Krasnodar: Traditsi, 2010. 344 p. (In Russian).
9. Subbotin of O. S. Metodologiya of research of architectural and town-planning development of Kuban. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 8, pp. 29–34. (In Russian)
10. Subbotin O. S. Features of regeneration of quarters of historical building. P. 1. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel’stvo [Housing construction]. 2012. No. 10, pp. 22–25. (In Russian).
УДК 692.33
E.I. KIREEVA, Candidate of Science (Engineering) (kireeva@ingil.ru), E.G. VAL', Candidate of Science (Engineering) AO «TSNIIEP zhilishcha» – institute for complex design of residential and public buildings» (AO «TSNIIEP zhilishcha») (9/3, Dmitrovskoe Highway, Moscow,127434, Russian Federation) To the Problem of Calculation of Three-Layered Non-Bearing External Walls with Brick Facing for Wind Loads
When calculating non-bearing three-layered walls and their connecting links for the impact of short-time wind loads, it is allowed to take into account the operation of walls fragments as a plate with openings and without them which operates in two directions – along the non-bonded and bonded sections. A design scheme of calculated fragments depends on the conditions of their fastening to bearing structures of a building – columns, beams, walls or pylons. The calculated model of the wall is presented as a spatial structure consisting of external and internal enclosing layers interconnected and fastened to bearing elements of the building with flexible connecting links. Results of calculations are illustrated on the example of a monolithic frame building with three-layered external walls for fragments with narrow and wide pitches of bearing structures for buildings of 50, 75, and 100 m height. At the same time, it is necessary to check the strength of walls which fill the building frame and their flexible links for forces of distortion caused by the difference of free deformations of neighboring differently loaded columns and /or significant non-uniform settling of the base. Keywords: non-bearing three-layered external walls, out-of-plane bending, deformation of frame filling, non-bended and bended cross-sections, system of flexible connecting links. References
1. Kireeva E.I., Belyaev V.S. Construction of three-layer nonbearing exterior walls with brick veneer in civilian high-rise buildings. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction materials]. 2016. No. 4, pp. 64–68. (In Russian).
E.I. KIREEVA, Candidate of Science (Engineering) (kireeva@ingil.ru), E.G. VAL', Candidate of Science (Engineering) AO «TSNIIEP zhilishcha» – institute for complex design of residential and public buildings» (AO «TSNIIEP zhilishcha») (9/3, Dmitrovskoe Highway, Moscow,127434, Russian Federation) To the Problem of Calculation of Three-Layered Non-Bearing External Walls with Brick Facing for Wind Loads
When calculating non-bearing three-layered walls and their connecting links for the impact of short-time wind loads, it is allowed to take into account the operation of walls fragments as a plate with openings and without them which operates in two directions – along the non-bonded and bonded sections. A design scheme of calculated fragments depends on the conditions of their fastening to bearing structures of a building – columns, beams, walls or pylons. The calculated model of the wall is presented as a spatial structure consisting of external and internal enclosing layers interconnected and fastened to bearing elements of the building with flexible connecting links. Results of calculations are illustrated on the example of a monolithic frame building with three-layered external walls for fragments with narrow and wide pitches of bearing structures for buildings of 50, 75, and 100 m height. At the same time, it is necessary to check the strength of walls which fill the building frame and their flexible links for forces of distortion caused by the difference of free deformations of neighboring differently loaded columns and /or significant non-uniform settling of the base. Keywords: non-bearing three-layered external walls, out-of-plane bending, deformation of frame filling, non-bended and bended cross-sections, system of flexible connecting links. References
1. Kireeva E.I., Belyaev V.S. Construction of three-layer nonbearing exterior walls with brick veneer in civilian high-rise buildings. Stroitel’nye Materialy [Construction materials]. 2016. No. 4, pp. 64–68. (In Russian).
УДК 624.012
K.P. PJaTIKRESTOVSKIJ1, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (stroymex@list.ru); V.I. TRAVUSh2, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering)
1 JSC Research Center of Construction Central Scientific and Research Institute of Building Structures (TSNIISK) named after V. A. Kucherenko (6, 2nd Institutskaya Street, Moscow, 109428, Russian Federation)
2 Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (24, B. Dmitrovka Street, Moscow, 103824, Russian Federation) Panels for Walls of Residential Houses and Wooden Coverings of Various Buildings
Designs, methodology, and results of shear tests of panels of nominal sizes of 1.5*3*0.15 m with a frame and board planking are considered. For improving the bearing capacity for shearing, thin metal elements can be used along diagonals of slabs. Short-time and long-time tests have been conducted, the number of nails and test conditions have been varied. Assessment of the bearing capacity of panels and determining the required safety factor were made according to methods of Yu.M. Ivanov. Slabs were used in the course of design and construction of short cylindrical shells of the roof of the training skating rink “Lokomotiv” in Moscow. Keywords: resource saving, timber materials, panels of walls and coverings, covering of boards, operation for shearing forces. References
1. Chernykh A.S., Karataev S.G. Recommendations for the use of national standard GOST R 55658–2013 «Wall panels with a wooden frame. Specifications». Proceedings of the International Scientific and Technical Conference: Building science-2015: Theory, Education, Practice, Innovation North Arctic region. Arkhangelsk. 2015 June 28–30, pp. 407–416. (In Russian).
2. Zhdanov V.I., Yarichevskiy I.I. Rational design panel on a wooden framework for a low-rise building. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Technical Conference: Building science-2014: Theory, Education, Practice, Innovation. Arkhangelsk. 2014, pp. 139–145. (In Russian).
3. Stoyanov V.V. Hyperbolic wooden structures: design expertise. Proceedings of scientific seminar «Wooden housing construction in the north European conditions». Arkhangelsk. 2013, pp. 124–128. (In Russian).
4. Labudin B.V. Sovershenstvovanie kleevykh derevyannykh konstruktsiy s prostranstvenno-regulyarnoi strukturoy [Improvement of glued wooden structures with spatiallyregular structure.]. Arkhangelsk: ArkhGTU. 2007. 267 p.
5. Rekomendatsii po ispytaniyu derevyannykh konstruktsiy [Recommendations for Testing and wooden structures]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1976. 32 p.
6. Pyatikrestovskiy K.P., Lebedeva I.V. Research survivability panel and cylindrical shells of wood on the static and dynamic effects of beyond design basis. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy. 2007. No. 2, pp. 56–61. (In Russian).
7. Pyatikrestovskii K.P., Sokolov B.S. Questions deflected mode skins ribbed multi-faceted surfaces of the timber. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy. 2011. No. 3, pp. 45–50. (In Russian).
8. Klyukin A.A., Pyatikrestovskiy K.P. Cover shell with edges of solid wood elements of the composite section. Vestnik IrGTU. 2015. No. 1 (96), pp. 103–106. (In Russian).
9. Pyatikrestovskiy K.P., Travush V.I. Programming a nonlinear method of calculation of statically indeterminate wooden structures and communication software packages with the improvement of standards for design. AKADEMIA, arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo. 2015. No. 3, pp. 115–119. (In Russian).
1 JSC Research Center of Construction Central Scientific and Research Institute of Building Structures (TSNIISK) named after V. A. Kucherenko (6, 2nd Institutskaya Street, Moscow, 109428, Russian Federation)
2 Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (24, B. Dmitrovka Street, Moscow, 103824, Russian Federation) Panels for Walls of Residential Houses and Wooden Coverings of Various Buildings
Designs, methodology, and results of shear tests of panels of nominal sizes of 1.5*3*0.15 m with a frame and board planking are considered. For improving the bearing capacity for shearing, thin metal elements can be used along diagonals of slabs. Short-time and long-time tests have been conducted, the number of nails and test conditions have been varied. Assessment of the bearing capacity of panels and determining the required safety factor were made according to methods of Yu.M. Ivanov. Slabs were used in the course of design and construction of short cylindrical shells of the roof of the training skating rink “Lokomotiv” in Moscow. Keywords: resource saving, timber materials, panels of walls and coverings, covering of boards, operation for shearing forces. References
1. Chernykh A.S., Karataev S.G. Recommendations for the use of national standard GOST R 55658–2013 «Wall panels with a wooden frame. Specifications». Proceedings of the International Scientific and Technical Conference: Building science-2015: Theory, Education, Practice, Innovation North Arctic region. Arkhangelsk. 2015 June 28–30, pp. 407–416. (In Russian).
2. Zhdanov V.I., Yarichevskiy I.I. Rational design panel on a wooden framework for a low-rise building. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Technical Conference: Building science-2014: Theory, Education, Practice, Innovation. Arkhangelsk. 2014, pp. 139–145. (In Russian).
3. Stoyanov V.V. Hyperbolic wooden structures: design expertise. Proceedings of scientific seminar «Wooden housing construction in the north European conditions». Arkhangelsk. 2013, pp. 124–128. (In Russian).
4. Labudin B.V. Sovershenstvovanie kleevykh derevyannykh konstruktsiy s prostranstvenno-regulyarnoi strukturoy [Improvement of glued wooden structures with spatiallyregular structure.]. Arkhangelsk: ArkhGTU. 2007. 267 p.
5. Rekomendatsii po ispytaniyu derevyannykh konstruktsiy [Recommendations for Testing and wooden structures]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1976. 32 p.
6. Pyatikrestovskiy K.P., Lebedeva I.V. Research survivability panel and cylindrical shells of wood on the static and dynamic effects of beyond design basis. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy. 2007. No. 2, pp. 56–61. (In Russian).
7. Pyatikrestovskii K.P., Sokolov B.S. Questions deflected mode skins ribbed multi-faceted surfaces of the timber. Stroitel’naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzheniy. 2011. No. 3, pp. 45–50. (In Russian).
8. Klyukin A.A., Pyatikrestovskiy K.P. Cover shell with edges of solid wood elements of the composite section. Vestnik IrGTU. 2015. No. 1 (96), pp. 103–106. (In Russian).
9. Pyatikrestovskiy K.P., Travush V.I. Programming a nonlinear method of calculation of statically indeterminate wooden structures and communication software packages with the improvement of standards for design. AKADEMIA, arkhitektura i stroitel’stvo. 2015. No. 3, pp. 115–119. (In Russian).
УДК 72.03
A.N. REMIZOV, Аrchitect, (re.mi@mail.ru) Russian Sustainable Architecture and Building Council (12, of. 28, Granatnyi Lane, 123001, Moscow, Russian Federation) Eco-sustainable Architecture as a Process
The eco-sustainable development isn’t a tribute to fashion, but it originates in the epoch of industrialization. The Cartesian approach to nature, as the pantry of humanity, from the very beginning has opponents who develop a more reasonable approach to the relationship with nature. The eco-sustainable architecture can be understood as a balance between the newly opened bio-climatic principles, local building traditions linked with the context, and original innovations that reduce the resource consumption. The goal of the eco-sustainable architecture is not only to meet “green” parameters and standards but to create, relaying on them, an independent architecturally expressive form thus liquidating the gap between two independent and irreconcilable discourses that are deployed in the architectural community the last few years. This article is about how this ideology develops in time, which goals and problems it sets before humanity. Keywords: architecture, eco-sustainability, green architecture, energy saving, resource saving. References
1. Tsitsin K.G. Power effective technologies – the future of housing construction. Effektivnoe antikrizisnoe upravlenie. 2013. No. 2 (77), рp. 50–51. (In Russian).
2. Sapacheva L.V. Ecosteady position of the Russian architects. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 12, рp. 19–22. (In Russian).
3. Korchagina O.A. Ostrovskaya A.A. Yudina O.A. Ilyasova O.I. «Green» construction. Components of scientific and technological progress. 2013. No. 3 (18), рp. 42–45. (In Russian).
4. Danilov S. I. Aktivny, because passive and clever. Initsiativy XXI veka. 2011 . No. 4–5, рp. 72–83. (In Russian).
5. Bunina O.A. State and prospects of development of objects of green construction in the city of stavropol. Sovremennye naukoemkie tekhnologii. 2009. No. 3, рp. 50–51. (In Russian).
6. Remizov A.N. On Stimulation of Environmentally Sustainable Architecture and Building. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, рp. 41–43. (In Russian).
7. Esaulov G.V. Sustainable architecture as a design paradigm (the question of definition) «Sustainable Architecture: Present and Future». Papers of the International Symposium. 17–18 November 2011. Papers of the Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy) and the group Knauf CIS.Mosckow: 2012, pp. 22–25. (In Russian).
8. Remizov A.N. Аrchitecture and Eco-sustainability – Complexity of Relationship. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2015. No. 1, рp. 45–48. (In Russian).
A.N. REMIZOV, Аrchitect, (re.mi@mail.ru) Russian Sustainable Architecture and Building Council (12, of. 28, Granatnyi Lane, 123001, Moscow, Russian Federation) Eco-sustainable Architecture as a Process
The eco-sustainable development isn’t a tribute to fashion, but it originates in the epoch of industrialization. The Cartesian approach to nature, as the pantry of humanity, from the very beginning has opponents who develop a more reasonable approach to the relationship with nature. The eco-sustainable architecture can be understood as a balance between the newly opened bio-climatic principles, local building traditions linked with the context, and original innovations that reduce the resource consumption. The goal of the eco-sustainable architecture is not only to meet “green” parameters and standards but to create, relaying on them, an independent architecturally expressive form thus liquidating the gap between two independent and irreconcilable discourses that are deployed in the architectural community the last few years. This article is about how this ideology develops in time, which goals and problems it sets before humanity. Keywords: architecture, eco-sustainability, green architecture, energy saving, resource saving. References
1. Tsitsin K.G. Power effective technologies – the future of housing construction. Effektivnoe antikrizisnoe upravlenie. 2013. No. 2 (77), рp. 50–51. (In Russian).
2. Sapacheva L.V. Ecosteady position of the Russian architects. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 12, рp. 19–22. (In Russian).
3. Korchagina O.A. Ostrovskaya A.A. Yudina O.A. Ilyasova O.I. «Green» construction. Components of scientific and technological progress. 2013. No. 3 (18), рp. 42–45. (In Russian).
4. Danilov S. I. Aktivny, because passive and clever. Initsiativy XXI veka. 2011 . No. 4–5, рp. 72–83. (In Russian).
5. Bunina O.A. State and prospects of development of objects of green construction in the city of stavropol. Sovremennye naukoemkie tekhnologii. 2009. No. 3, рp. 50–51. (In Russian).
6. Remizov A.N. On Stimulation of Environmentally Sustainable Architecture and Building. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, рp. 41–43. (In Russian).
7. Esaulov G.V. Sustainable architecture as a design paradigm (the question of definition) «Sustainable Architecture: Present and Future». Papers of the International Symposium. 17–18 November 2011. Papers of the Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy) and the group Knauf CIS.Mosckow: 2012, pp. 22–25. (In Russian).
8. Remizov A.N. Аrchitecture and Eco-sustainability – Complexity of Relationship. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2015. No. 1, рp. 45–48. (In Russian).
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