Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo №1
January, 2015
Table of contents
S.S. BOLDYREV, Engineer (hpq@ya.ru), A.N. KLIMOV, Engineer
OAO “Central Scientific-Research and Design Institute of Public and Residential Buildings (TSNIIEPzhilishcha)”
(9, structure 3, Dmitrovskoye Highway, 127434, Moscow, Russian Federation)
Designing of a Pile Foundation in the High-Rise Residential Complex «Zagorie»
An experience in the design of a pile foundation of a high-rise building is considered. Calculations of the foundation are presented. Approved structural solutions make it possible to rationally use the bearing capacity of foundation bed soils and abandon the use of expensive and more difficult to manufacture end-bearing piles. Data obtained with the help of the designed and operating complex system of monitoring, which includes the elements of geodesic control over deformations of structures and instrumental monitoring of body stresses in critical bearing structures of the building, are presented. The comparison of five variants of the foundation design made it possible to determine the optimal parameters of piles and raft foundation. Keywords: high-rise buildings, pile foundation, friction piles, complex engineering-geological conditions, pile test. References
1. Tarakanovsky V.K., Kapustyan N.K., Klimov A.N. Experience of monitoring of processes of deformation in soil of foundation of high-rise buildings in Moscow. Geoekologiya, inzhenernaya geologiya, gidrogeologiya, geokriologiya. 2010. No. 6, рр. 555–566. (In Russian).
2. Kattsenbakh R., Leppla Sh., Fogler M., Dunayevsky R.A., Kuttig of X. Experience of optimization of cost of the bases of high-rise buildings. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 5, рр. 7–13. (In Russian).
3. Bezvolev of S.G. Metodik of calculations of the bases and the bases of hard loaded constructions in difficult geospecifications. Geotekhnika. 2012. No. 2, рр. 14–45. (In Russian).
4. Shulyatyev O.A. Bases of high-rise buildings. Vestnik Perm skogo natsional'nogo issledovatel'skogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2014. No. 4, рр. 203–245. (In Russian).
5. Kattsenbakh R., Schmitt And., Ramm X. Basic principles of design and monitoring of high-rise buildings of Frankfurt am Main. Rekonstruktsiya gorodov i geotekhnicheskoe stroitel'stvo. 2005. No. 9, рр. 80–99. (In Russian).
An experience in the design of a pile foundation of a high-rise building is considered. Calculations of the foundation are presented. Approved structural solutions make it possible to rationally use the bearing capacity of foundation bed soils and abandon the use of expensive and more difficult to manufacture end-bearing piles. Data obtained with the help of the designed and operating complex system of monitoring, which includes the elements of geodesic control over deformations of structures and instrumental monitoring of body stresses in critical bearing structures of the building, are presented. The comparison of five variants of the foundation design made it possible to determine the optimal parameters of piles and raft foundation. Keywords: high-rise buildings, pile foundation, friction piles, complex engineering-geological conditions, pile test. References
1. Tarakanovsky V.K., Kapustyan N.K., Klimov A.N. Experience of monitoring of processes of deformation in soil of foundation of high-rise buildings in Moscow. Geoekologiya, inzhenernaya geologiya, gidrogeologiya, geokriologiya. 2010. No. 6, рр. 555–566. (In Russian).
2. Kattsenbakh R., Leppla Sh., Fogler M., Dunayevsky R.A., Kuttig of X. Experience of optimization of cost of the bases of high-rise buildings. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 5, рр. 7–13. (In Russian).
3. Bezvolev of S.G. Metodik of calculations of the bases and the bases of hard loaded constructions in difficult geospecifications. Geotekhnika. 2012. No. 2, рр. 14–45. (In Russian).
4. Shulyatyev O.A. Bases of high-rise buildings. Vestnik Perm skogo natsional'nogo issledovatel'skogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2014. No. 4, рр. 203–245. (In Russian).
5. Kattsenbakh R., Schmitt And., Ramm X. Basic principles of design and monitoring of high-rise buildings of Frankfurt am Main. Rekonstruktsiya gorodov i geotekhnicheskoe stroitel'stvo. 2005. No. 9, рр. 80–99. (In Russian).
V.A. PUNTUS
1
, Candidate of Architecture, (puntusva@mail.ru); K.K. MIASEPP
2
, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
1 Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, 2-nd Krasnoarmeiskaya Street,190005 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation)
2 Saint-Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after I.E. Repin (17, University Embankment, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation) Conceptual Designing of Housing for the Arctic and Antarctic
Materials on methodical designing of housing complexes for the Arctic and Antarctic are presented. General characteristics of the design conditions for these regions are given. On the basis of the search for analogues and the design assignment, principles of the design and ways of the development of proposed conceptions are presented. It is shown that the practical interest is the creation of approximate methods for the calculation of interconnected thin-walled elements based on the simplified hypotheses and equations: the theory of flat curve beam, the theory of curved bar, and the applied theory of plates and shells. Keywords: energy saving, Arctic, Antarctic, high latitudes, mobile, quickly erected and inventory buildings; space and architectural solutions, concept of engineering and structural solutions, domestic and foreign normative sources, shells and shell reinforcement systems, design principles. References
1. Myasepp K.K., Puntus V.A., Teshebayev Sh. B. The protecting designs of buildings and constructions in the Arctic and Antarctic. Reports of the 66th Scientific Conference of professors, teachers, scientists, engineers and graduate (Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering). 2009. Р. II, рр. 90–94. (In Russian).
2. Puntus V.A., Teshebayev Sh. B. The design concept of neutralization of negative factors of dwelling on the fast- built planetary objects in extreme conditions. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenrov. 2008. No. 4 (17), рр. 12–14. (In Russian).
3. Puntus V.A. Experience of application of easy buildings for development of Antarktidy. Reports of the 66th Scientific Conference of professors, teachers, scientists, engineers and graduate (Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering). 2011, рр. 191–195. (In Russian).
4. Puntus V.A., Teshebayev Sh. B. Ensuring bacterial safety of dwellings of polar explorers at high-altitude stations in Antarctica. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2009. No. 4 (21), рр. 77–81. (In Russian).
1 Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, 2-nd Krasnoarmeiskaya Street,190005 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation)
2 Saint-Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after I.E. Repin (17, University Embankment, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation) Conceptual Designing of Housing for the Arctic and Antarctic
Materials on methodical designing of housing complexes for the Arctic and Antarctic are presented. General characteristics of the design conditions for these regions are given. On the basis of the search for analogues and the design assignment, principles of the design and ways of the development of proposed conceptions are presented. It is shown that the practical interest is the creation of approximate methods for the calculation of interconnected thin-walled elements based on the simplified hypotheses and equations: the theory of flat curve beam, the theory of curved bar, and the applied theory of plates and shells. Keywords: energy saving, Arctic, Antarctic, high latitudes, mobile, quickly erected and inventory buildings; space and architectural solutions, concept of engineering and structural solutions, domestic and foreign normative sources, shells and shell reinforcement systems, design principles. References
1. Myasepp K.K., Puntus V.A., Teshebayev Sh. B. The protecting designs of buildings and constructions in the Arctic and Antarctic. Reports of the 66th Scientific Conference of professors, teachers, scientists, engineers and graduate (Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering). 2009. Р. II, рр. 90–94. (In Russian).
2. Puntus V.A., Teshebayev Sh. B. The design concept of neutralization of negative factors of dwelling on the fast- built planetary objects in extreme conditions. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenrov. 2008. No. 4 (17), рр. 12–14. (In Russian).
3. Puntus V.A. Experience of application of easy buildings for development of Antarktidy. Reports of the 66th Scientific Conference of professors, teachers, scientists, engineers and graduate (Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering). 2011, рр. 191–195. (In Russian).
4. Puntus V.A., Teshebayev Sh. B. Ensuring bacterial safety of dwellings of polar explorers at high-altitude stations in Antarctica. Vestnik grazhdanskikh inzhenerov. 2009. No. 4 (21), рр. 77–81. (In Russian).
T.A. AKHMYAROV, engineer (tagir-a@yandex.ru), A.V. SPIRIDONOV, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering),
I.L. SHUBIN, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Director,
Scientific and Research Institute of Building Physics (21, Lokomotivny Passage, 127238, Moscow, Russian Federation)
New Generation of the Energy Efficient Ventilated Fenestration and Facade with Active Recovery of the Thermal Flow
Increase of heat technical characteristics of fenestration happens now, generally due to «passive» actions (increase in number of cameras in a double-glazed window, numbers of Low-E glasses, uses of more effective inert gases, increases of thickness of frame profiles and so on). However, such approach is inefficient in most cases from the economic point of view. On the basis of the new principles of design of the envelopes offered by authors, became possible to receive the energy-efficient ventilated fenestration and facade providing as increase of their heat technical characteristics with return (recovery) of considerable part of the heat flow which was earlier going to the atmosphere, and ventilation by external air of rooms through external protections including windows and facades, actually without additional energy losses. Keywords: еnergy saving, еnergy efficient ventilated envelopes, system of active energy saving, active recovery of heat flow. References
1. Solovyov A.K. Fizika sredy [Fizika of the environment]. M.: ASV, 2011. 342 p.
2. Spiridonov A.V., Choubin I.L. Development of translucent designs in Russia. Svetotekhnika. 2014. No. 3, рр. 46–51. (In Russian).
3. Spiridonov A.V. Whether it is favorable to establish energy saving windows? Energosberezhenie. 2013. No. 3, рр. 62–67. (In Russian).
4. Carmody J., Selkowitz S., Arasteh D., Heschong L. Residential Windows – A Guide to New Technologies and Energy Performance. New York: W.W. Norton, 2007. 256 p.
5. John Carmody, Stephen Selkowitz, Eleanor Lee, Dariush Arasteh, Todd Willmert of «Window Systems High-Perfor mance Buildings», New York: W.W. Norton, 2003. 400 p.
6. Akhmyarov T.A., Spiridonov A.V., Choubin I.L. Creation of the external protecting designs with the increased heat-shielding level. Energosberezhenie. 2014. No. 6, рр. 26–33. (In Russian).
7. Akhmyarov T.A., Spiridonov A.V., Choubin I.L. The principles of design and an assessment of the external protecting designs with use of modern technologies of «active» energy saving and recovery of a thermal stream. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 6, рр. 8–13. (In Russian).
8. Akhmyarov T.A., Belyaev V.S., Spiridonov A.V., Choubin I.L. Sistema of active energy saving with recovery of heat. Energosberezhenie. 2013. No. 4, рр. 36–46. (In Russian).
9. Belyaev V.S., Lobanov V.A., Akhmyarov T.A. Detsentrali zovannaya forced-air and exhaust system of ventilation with recovery of heat. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2011. No. 3, рр. 73–77. (In Russian).
Increase of heat technical characteristics of fenestration happens now, generally due to «passive» actions (increase in number of cameras in a double-glazed window, numbers of Low-E glasses, uses of more effective inert gases, increases of thickness of frame profiles and so on). However, such approach is inefficient in most cases from the economic point of view. On the basis of the new principles of design of the envelopes offered by authors, became possible to receive the energy-efficient ventilated fenestration and facade providing as increase of their heat technical characteristics with return (recovery) of considerable part of the heat flow which was earlier going to the atmosphere, and ventilation by external air of rooms through external protections including windows and facades, actually without additional energy losses. Keywords: еnergy saving, еnergy efficient ventilated envelopes, system of active energy saving, active recovery of heat flow. References
1. Solovyov A.K. Fizika sredy [Fizika of the environment]. M.: ASV, 2011. 342 p.
2. Spiridonov A.V., Choubin I.L. Development of translucent designs in Russia. Svetotekhnika. 2014. No. 3, рр. 46–51. (In Russian).
3. Spiridonov A.V. Whether it is favorable to establish energy saving windows? Energosberezhenie. 2013. No. 3, рр. 62–67. (In Russian).
4. Carmody J., Selkowitz S., Arasteh D., Heschong L. Residential Windows – A Guide to New Technologies and Energy Performance. New York: W.W. Norton, 2007. 256 p.
5. John Carmody, Stephen Selkowitz, Eleanor Lee, Dariush Arasteh, Todd Willmert of «Window Systems High-Perfor mance Buildings», New York: W.W. Norton, 2003. 400 p.
6. Akhmyarov T.A., Spiridonov A.V., Choubin I.L. Creation of the external protecting designs with the increased heat-shielding level. Energosberezhenie. 2014. No. 6, рр. 26–33. (In Russian).
7. Akhmyarov T.A., Spiridonov A.V., Choubin I.L. The principles of design and an assessment of the external protecting designs with use of modern technologies of «active» energy saving and recovery of a thermal stream. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 6, рр. 8–13. (In Russian).
8. Akhmyarov T.A., Belyaev V.S., Spiridonov A.V., Choubin I.L. Sistema of active energy saving with recovery of heat. Energosberezhenie. 2013. No. 4, рр. 36–46. (In Russian).
9. Belyaev V.S., Lobanov V.A., Akhmyarov T.A. Detsentrali zovannaya forced-air and exhaust system of ventilation with recovery of heat. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2011. No. 3, рр. 73–77. (In Russian).
V.V. DANEL, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering)
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoye Highway, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation)
Platform Joints with Pipebeton Elements Prefabricated and Monolithic Buildings
Reinforced concrete slab in order to reduce the weight and consequently the load on the walls, foundation and base it is expedient to manufacture of lightweight
concrete. This is important in buildings with a large step load-bearing walls (4.8–7.2 m). But the lightweight concrete is almost 2 times less than the initial modulus.
This leads to a decrease in the vertical stiffness of the platform interface. In buildings with solid walls and heavy concrete beams of light is also affected by this
problem. Reduce deformability and increase reliability and load-bearing capacity of the platform interface will allow the use of reference sites plates pipebeton
elements of circular, rectangular or other cross-section with heavy concrete. When used in lightweight concrete slabs vertical load on the walls, foundations and
bases are reduced by 11 percent or more. At a cost of lightweight concrete on par with the heavy. Therefore continue to be used in heavy concrete slabs is not
economically feasible.
Keywords: joint platform, pipebeton element, large-panel buildings with a large step load-bearing walls, lightweight concrete, heavy concrete.
References
1. Danel V.V. Kuz'menko I.N. Stress-strain state of the platform joints of large buildings, taking into account the bending moments of slabs. Beton i zhelezobeton. 2010. No. 4, pp. 19–22. (In Russian).
2. Granovsky A.V., Smilyanskii A.L. For a numerical estimate ultimate bearing capacity of platform joints. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzhenii. 2007. No. 2, pp. 14–19. (In Russian).
1. Danel V.V. Kuz'menko I.N. Stress-strain state of the platform joints of large buildings, taking into account the bending moments of slabs. Beton i zhelezobeton. 2010. No. 4, pp. 19–22. (In Russian).
2. Granovsky A.V., Smilyanskii A.L. For a numerical estimate ultimate bearing capacity of platform joints. Stroitel'naya mekhanika i raschet sooruzhenii. 2007. No. 2, pp. 14–19. (In Russian).
L.M. KOLCHEDANTSEV
1
, Doctor of Sciences (Engineering) (orgf@spbgasu.ru); A.N. UL’SHIN
2
, Leading Engineer-Designer (lesha.ul@mail.ru)
1 Saint Petersburg Stare University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, 2-ya Krasnoarmeyskaya Street, 190005 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)
2 OOO «StroyInvestProekt» (Placement 2-Н, Letter A, 16а, Markina Street, Saint Petersburg, 197198, Russian Federation) Improvement of Complex Constructability of Steel Lattice Structure by Means of Enhancing the Structural-Technological Conception Existing studies of improving the complex constructability are systematized. The analysis of data from the position of the influence on the constructability of some processes has been made. Effects appearing as a result of the use of existing methods of improving the complex constructability at three stages – designing, producing and installing - have been determined from the position of the organization producing and installing steel lattice structures. On the basis of the analysis of existing methods of improving the complex constructability at the design stage an additional possibility to optimize the constructability of production and installation has been revealed. A number of research tasks for obtaining the possibility to improve the complex constructability due to the enhancement of the structural-technological concept in the organization that produces and installs these structures have been set. The following method of improving the complex constructability has been formed: the improvement of the structural-technological concept of steel lattice structures is ensured by selecting the optimal variant of the geometric shape of the structure (variants with close levels of structural constructability are selected) and optimization of some parts of the structure. Keywords: complex constructability, constructability of production and installation, steel structures, improvement of constructability.References
1 Saint Petersburg Stare University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (4, 2-ya Krasnoarmeyskaya Street, 190005 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)
2 OOO «StroyInvestProekt» (Placement 2-Н, Letter A, 16а, Markina Street, Saint Petersburg, 197198, Russian Federation) Improvement of Complex Constructability of Steel Lattice Structure by Means of Enhancing the Structural-Technological Conception Existing studies of improving the complex constructability are systematized. The analysis of data from the position of the influence on the constructability of some processes has been made. Effects appearing as a result of the use of existing methods of improving the complex constructability at three stages – designing, producing and installing - have been determined from the position of the organization producing and installing steel lattice structures. On the basis of the analysis of existing methods of improving the complex constructability at the design stage an additional possibility to optimize the constructability of production and installation has been revealed. A number of research tasks for obtaining the possibility to improve the complex constructability due to the enhancement of the structural-technological concept in the organization that produces and installs these structures have been set. The following method of improving the complex constructability has been formed: the improvement of the structural-technological concept of steel lattice structures is ensured by selecting the optimal variant of the geometric shape of the structure (variants with close levels of structural constructability are selected) and optimization of some parts of the structure. Keywords: complex constructability, constructability of production and installation, steel structures, improvement of constructability.
References
1. Kuznecov I.L., Salahutdinov M.A., Gimranov L.R. New
constructive solutions of steel frameworks of easy multiflying
buildings. Izvestiya Kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhi
tekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. 2011. No. 1, рр. 88–92.
(In Russian).
2. Salahutdinov M.A., Kuznecov I.L. Optimization of parame
ters of the new constructive solution of a steel framework
of the multiflying building. Izvestiya Kazanskogo gosudar
stvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. 2012.
No. 2 , рр. 94–98. (In Russian).
3. Goncharenko D.F., Evel' S.M. Definition of indicators of
technological effectiveness of metal designs. Nauchnyj
vestnik stroitel'stva. 2009. No. 51, рр. 15–18. (In Russian).
4. Aleksejcev A.V. Evolutionary optimization of steel farms
taking into account nodal connections of cores. Inzhenerno-
stroitel'nyj zhurnal. 2013. No. 5, рр. 28–37. (In Russian).
5. Isaev A.V., Kuznecov I.L. Alternativeness of criteria of an
optimality at synthesis of the rational constructive decision
on the example of rafter farms. Izvestiya Kazanskogo
gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta.
2009. No. 1, рр. 92–98. (In Russian).
6. Shalennyj V.T., Papirnyk R.B. Increase of technological
effectiveness of design solutions of monolithic and combined
and monolithic buildings and constructions. Promyshlennoe i
grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo. 2010. No. 2, рр. 19–21. (In Russian).
7. Hromec Ju.N, Gelajko V.B. Choice of rational design
decisions taking into account costs of operation of buildings.
Promyshlennoe i grazhdanskoe stroitel'stvo. 2008. No. 4,
рр. 40–42. (In Russian).
8. Eremeev P.G. Scientific and technical maintenance at design,
production and installation of a metalwork. Montazhnye
i special'nye raboty v stroitel'stve. 2007. No. 3, рр. 28–42.
(In Russian).
9. Ryabov S.A., Lugacheva N.A. Tekhnologichnost' konstruktsiy
[Technological effectiveness of designs]. Kemerovo:
KuzGTU. 2006. 65 р.2. Salahutdinov M.A., Kuznecov I.L. Optimization of parame
ters of the new constructive solution of a steel framework
of the multiflying building. Izvestiya Kazanskogo gosudar
stvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. 2012.
No. 2 , рр. 94–98. (In Russian).
O.D. SAMARIN, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering) (samarin1@mtu-net.ru)
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (26, Yaroslavskoe Highway, 129337, Moscow, Russian Federation)
The Choice of Relative Humidity of Indoor Air in the Course of Using Rotor Regenerators
in Systems of Heat Recovery
The process of change in the state of humid air in the system of mechanical ventilation and conditioning of air when the heat recovery is used according to the
scheme with the rotor regenerator for preliminary heating of air inflow during the cold season of the year is considered. Rules of developing the equivalent “dry”
process of air cooling when the condensation of water vapors takes place in the heat removing section of the regenerator are presented. The peculiarities of heat
transfer in rotor regenerators in the presence of condensation were studied; the algorithm of calculation of factual amount of the recovered heat depending on the
accepted value of the relative humidity of indoor air with due regard for the construction of the cooling process in the I-d-diagram is presented. The evaluation of
influence of internal humidity on overall heat input necessary for heating the air inflow is made; the optimal value of humidity is determined. The presentation is
illustrated with numerical and graphical examples.
Keywords: heat recovery, condensate, rotor regenerator, temperature efficiency, relative humidity.
References
1. V.G. Gagarin, V.V. Kozlov. The requirements to the thermal performance and energy efficiency in the project of the actualizationed SNiP «Thermal performance of the buildings». Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2011. No. 8, рр. 2–6. (In Russian).
2. V.G. Gagarin, V.V. Kozlov. On the requirements to the thermal performance and energy efficiency in the project of the actualizationed SNiP «Thermal performance of the buildings». Vestnik MGSU. 2011. No. 7, рр. 59–66. (In Russian).
3. Gorshkov A.S. Energy efficiency in construction: problems of standardizing and measures to decrease energy consumption of buildings. Inzhenerno-stroitel’ny zhurnal. 2010. No. 1, рр. 9–13. (In Russian).
4. Robert Dylewski, Janusz Adamczyk. Economic and ecological indicators for thermal insulating building investments. Energy and Buildings. 2012. No. 54, рр. 88–95.
5. Samarin O.D., Grishneva E.A. Increasing of building energy efficiency using smart technologies. Energosberezheniye i vodopodgotovka. 2011. No. 5, рр. 12–14. (In Russian).
6. Belova E.M. Central’nye sistemy kondicionirovaniya vozdukha v zdaniyakh [Central air conditioning systems in buildings]. Moscow: Yevroklimat. 2006. 640 p.
7. Bogoslovsky V.N., Poz M.Ya. Teplofizika apparatov utilizacii tepla system otopleniya, ventilyacii i kondicionirovaniya vozdukha [Thermal physics of heat recovery units of heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1983. 416 p.
8. Miseviciute V., Martinaitis V. Analysis of ventilation system’s heat exchangers integration possibilities for heating season. Papers of 8th conf. of VGTU “Environmental engineering”. 2011. Vol. 2, рр 781–787. (In Russian).
9. Samarin O.D. Selection of parameters of internal microclimate under heat recovery in ventilation systems. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2013. No. 2, рр. 46–47. (In Russian).
1. V.G. Gagarin, V.V. Kozlov. The requirements to the thermal performance and energy efficiency in the project of the actualizationed SNiP «Thermal performance of the buildings». Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2011. No. 8, рр. 2–6. (In Russian).
2. V.G. Gagarin, V.V. Kozlov. On the requirements to the thermal performance and energy efficiency in the project of the actualizationed SNiP «Thermal performance of the buildings». Vestnik MGSU. 2011. No. 7, рр. 59–66. (In Russian).
3. Gorshkov A.S. Energy efficiency in construction: problems of standardizing and measures to decrease energy consumption of buildings. Inzhenerno-stroitel’ny zhurnal. 2010. No. 1, рр. 9–13. (In Russian).
4. Robert Dylewski, Janusz Adamczyk. Economic and ecological indicators for thermal insulating building investments. Energy and Buildings. 2012. No. 54, рр. 88–95.
5. Samarin O.D., Grishneva E.A. Increasing of building energy efficiency using smart technologies. Energosberezheniye i vodopodgotovka. 2011. No. 5, рр. 12–14. (In Russian).
6. Belova E.M. Central’nye sistemy kondicionirovaniya vozdukha v zdaniyakh [Central air conditioning systems in buildings]. Moscow: Yevroklimat. 2006. 640 p.
7. Bogoslovsky V.N., Poz M.Ya. Teplofizika apparatov utilizacii tepla system otopleniya, ventilyacii i kondicionirovaniya vozdukha [Thermal physics of heat recovery units of heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems]. Moscow: Stroyizdat. 1983. 416 p.
8. Miseviciute V., Martinaitis V. Analysis of ventilation system’s heat exchangers integration possibilities for heating season. Papers of 8th conf. of VGTU “Environmental engineering”. 2011. Vol. 2, рр 781–787. (In Russian).
9. Samarin O.D. Selection of parameters of internal microclimate under heat recovery in ventilation systems. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2013. No. 2, рр. 46–47. (In Russian).
I.A. PROKOFIEVA, Candidate of Architecture(archirina@mail.ru)
Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy) (11/4, Structure 1, Bldg 4, Rozhdestvenka Street, 107031 Moscow, Russian Federation)
Geometric Expression of «Alive Square» Physical Rules in Architecture
The theme of «alive square» and the creation on the its basis « alive « architecture are сonsidered. The basic principle of the method of « alive architecture» is a
selection of lengths and sizes so that the opposite plane were not clearly parallel to each other. This is achieved as the size and proportions, and a combination
of different planes and their forms. This work is devoted to the geometric justification of physical rules of « alive square».
Keywords: composition, proportion, rule, structure, module, geometry, form, tradition, modernity.
References
1. Esaylov G.V. A unique global. Collection of abstracts of the International Conference on «Modern architecture of the world: the basic processes and development trends». M.: NIITIAG. 2012, рр. 49–50. (In Russian).
2. Prokofieva I.A. Morphological types of individual houses. Holland, Japan: traditional – modern forms. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 11, pp. 26– 29. (In Russian).
3. Prokofieva I.A. Kendzo Tange house. Features of spatial construction. Collection of scientific-practical conference faculty members and young scientists «Science, education and experimental design in MAI». Moscow. 2012. Vol. 1, pp. 180–181. (In Russian).
4. Prokofieva I.A. K. Kurakava – the classic of modern architecture. Collection of abstracts of the International Conference «Modern architecture of the world: the basic processes and development trends». Moscow. 2012, pp. 65–66. (In Russian).
5. Prokofieva I.A. Vasilyev A.V. Current state of the Moscow low ensembles. Stroitel'nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 1, pp. 42–44. (In Russian).
1. Esaylov G.V. A unique global. Collection of abstracts of the International Conference on «Modern architecture of the world: the basic processes and development trends». M.: NIITIAG. 2012, рр. 49–50. (In Russian).
2. Prokofieva I.A. Morphological types of individual houses. Holland, Japan: traditional – modern forms. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 11, pp. 26– 29. (In Russian).
3. Prokofieva I.A. Kendzo Tange house. Features of spatial construction. Collection of scientific-practical conference faculty members and young scientists «Science, education and experimental design in MAI». Moscow. 2012. Vol. 1, pp. 180–181. (In Russian).
4. Prokofieva I.A. K. Kurakava – the classic of modern architecture. Collection of abstracts of the International Conference «Modern architecture of the world: the basic processes and development trends». Moscow. 2012, pp. 65–66. (In Russian).
5. Prokofieva I.A. Vasilyev A.V. Current state of the Moscow low ensembles. Stroitel'nye Materialy [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 1, pp. 42–44. (In Russian).
S.G. BOGOV, Engineer (s.bogov@georec.spb.ru), N.P. BOCHKEREV, Engineer
OOO «ISP Georeconstruction» (4, оf. 414, Izmaylovsky Avenue, 190005 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)
Geotechnical Monitoring During Zero Cycle of Constructing Buildings with Underground Space
In Saint Petersburg, since the beginning of 2000s, as a result of the active construction of new objects near historical buildings and structures the development
of above-limit deformations with forming cracks in the masonry takes place. The most dangerous for architectural monuments is their proximity to the places of
«zero» cycle works that causes the unavoidable change in the stress-strain state of foundation bases. During the process of pile installation and excavation of pits
in the close proximity to the existing objects not only the crack development but also local losses of bearing capacity of structures took place in the buildings. The
situation is not simple, that’s why in addition to mathematical modeling and calculations of stresses and forces it is necessary to conduct the «active» geotechnical
support and monitoring of real deformations. The article presents some data on monitoring of two objects located in the historical part of Saint Petersburg during
the «zero» cycle works.
Keywords: deep excavations, geotechnical monitoring, jet grouting of soil stabilization.
References
1. Bogov S.G. Problems of the device of the pile bases in city building in the conditions of weak soil of St. Petersburg. Razvitie gorodov i geotekhnicheskoe stroitel'stvo. 2004. No. 8, рр. 119–128. (In Russian).
2. Bogov S.G. Adaptation of jetting technology for development of underground space in the historical part of Saint-Petersburg under conditions of weak soils. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, pp. 25–30. (In Russian).
3. Bogov S.G. Use of cement mortars for jet technology of fixing of soil taking into account their rheological properties. Gidrotekhnika. 2013. No. 4, pp. 84–86. (In Russian).
4. Shashkin A.G., Bogov S.G., Tukkiy A.L. Adaptation of manufacturing techniques of pile without removing the soil to the geotechnical conditions of St. Petersburg. Zhilishchnoe stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2012. No. 11, pp. 18–21. (In Russian).
5. Bogov S.G., Bochkaryov N.P., Smolak V.Ya. Results of monitoring at construction of the building with the developed underground space in the conditions of weak soil of St. Petersburg. Тhe International conference on geotechnics of Technical Committee 207 ISSMGE «Interaction of the bases and constructions. Underground constructions and retaining walls». St. Petersburg: JSC PI Georekonstruktion, 2014. Vol. 1, рр. 125–130. (In Russian).
1. Bogov S.G. Problems of the device of the pile bases in city building in the conditions of weak soil of St. Petersburg. Razvitie gorodov i geotekhnicheskoe stroitel'stvo. 2004. No. 8, рр. 119–128. (In Russian).
2. Bogov S.G. Adaptation of jetting technology for development of underground space in the historical part of Saint-Petersburg under conditions of weak soils. Zhilishchnoe Stroitel'stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, pp. 25–30. (In Russian).
3. Bogov S.G. Use of cement mortars for jet technology of fixing of soil taking into account their rheological properties. Gidrotekhnika. 2013. No. 4, pp. 84–86. (In Russian).
4. Shashkin A.G., Bogov S.G., Tukkiy A.L. Adaptation of manufacturing techniques of pile without removing the soil to the geotechnical conditions of St. Petersburg. Zhilishchnoe stroitelstvo [Housing Construction]. 2012. No. 11, pp. 18–21. (In Russian).
5. Bogov S.G., Bochkaryov N.P., Smolak V.Ya. Results of monitoring at construction of the building with the developed underground space in the conditions of weak soil of St. Petersburg. Тhe International conference on geotechnics of Technical Committee 207 ISSMGE «Interaction of the bases and constructions. Underground constructions and retaining walls». St. Petersburg: JSC PI Georekonstruktion, 2014. Vol. 1, рр. 125–130. (In Russian).
V.T. IVANCHENKO, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), A.A. ZAYTSEV, Engineer (Zaycev1-1@mail.ru), A.A. GRAZHDANKIN, Engineer
Kuban State Technological University (2, Moskovskaya Street, Krasnodar, 350072, Russian Federation)
An Eco-Friendly Autonomous Residential Building in Sochi
The basalt fiber is used as heat insulator in the bearing enclosing structure of the panel in the autonomous experimental two-storey residential building of panel
type. To ensure minimal heat losses in the process of operation the calculation of heat balance was made and energy-saving construction of walls, floors, ceilings
and window apertures is designed. The used design of the building makes it possible to meet the requirements for heat consumption for heating and ventilation of
the building. For power supply an autonomous eco-friendly power system with the use of photoelectric modules, wind generators, and storage batteries has been
designed. The system ensures the supply of alternating current of 220 V, round-the-clock and year-round operation of the house, operation of electrical equipment
during cloudy weather. The monitoring of environment parameters for improving the microclimate in premises is conducted.
Keywords: basalt fiber, heat balance, autonomous power system, wind generator, photoelectrical module.
References
1. Galliamova G.R., Kobelkov G.V. Energy saving technologies at construction of building: passive house. Actual problems of modern science, equipment and education. 2013. Vol. 2. No. 71, pp. 228–232. (In Russian).
2. Elokhov A.E. Features of design of the passive house in Russia. Vestnik MGSU. 2009. No. 4, pp. 313–316. (In Russian).
3. Ivanova-Pogrebnyak K. «The passive house» and active economy. Samoregulirovanie i biznes. 2012. No. 29, pp. 34– 39. (In Russian).
4. Smolargo G.A., Dronova A.V. Possibilities of improvement of qualities of external walls at construction and operation of low «passive» houses. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2010. No. 3, pp. 66–70. (In Russian).
5. Sapacheva L.V. Ecosteady position of the Russian architects. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 12, рp. 19–22. (In Russian).
6. Remizov A.N. On Stimulation of Environmentally Sustainable Architecture and Building. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, рp. 41–43. (In Russian).
1. Galliamova G.R., Kobelkov G.V. Energy saving technologies at construction of building: passive house. Actual problems of modern science, equipment and education. 2013. Vol. 2. No. 71, pp. 228–232. (In Russian).
2. Elokhov A.E. Features of design of the passive house in Russia. Vestnik MGSU. 2009. No. 4, pp. 313–316. (In Russian).
3. Ivanova-Pogrebnyak K. «The passive house» and active economy. Samoregulirovanie i biznes. 2012. No. 29, pp. 34– 39. (In Russian).
4. Smolargo G.A., Dronova A.V. Possibilities of improvement of qualities of external walls at construction and operation of low «passive» houses. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2010. No. 3, pp. 66–70. (In Russian).
5. Sapacheva L.V. Ecosteady position of the Russian architects. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 12, рp. 19–22. (In Russian).
6. Remizov A.N. On Stimulation of Environmentally Sustainable Architecture and Building. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, рp. 41–43. (In Russian).
A.N. REMIZOV, Аrchitect, (re.mi@mail.ru),
Russian Sustainable Architecture and Building Council (12, of. 28, Granatnyi Lane, 123001 Moscow, Russian Federation)
Architecture and Eco-sustainability – Complexity of Relationship
Conceptions of “eco-sustainable architecture” and “green construction” are considered. It is noted that Russia is lagging behind in the field of eco-sustainable
construction and reasons for this are imperfect legislation, extremely conservative normative base and the lack of the state stimulation that leads to the absence of
interest from developers and investors. Main instruments of formation and assessment of buildings are presented. Concrete proposals favoring the development
of eco-sustainable construction are formulated.
Keywords: eco-sustainable architecture, green construction, state stimulation, voluntary certification.
References
1. Tsitsin K.G. Power effective technologies – the future of housing construction. Effektivnoe antikrizisnoe upravlenie. 2013. No. 2 (77), рp. 50–51. (In Russian).
2. Sapacheva L.V. Ecosteady position of the Russian architects. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 12, рp. 19–22. (In Russian).
3. Korchagina O.A. Ostrovskaya A.A. Yudina O.A. Ilyaso va O.I. «Green» construction. Components of scientific and technological progress. 2013. No. 3 (18), рp. 42–45. (In Russian).
4. Danilov S. I. Aktivny, because passive and clever. Initsiativy XXI veka. 2011 . No. 4–5, рp. 72–83. (In Russian).
5. Bunina O.A. State and prospects of development of objects of green construction in the city of stavropol. Sovremennye naukoemkie tekhnologii. 2009. No. 3, рp. 50–51. (In Russian).
6. Remizov A.N. On Stimulation of Environmentally Sustainable Architecture and Building. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, рp. 41–43. (In Russian)
1. Tsitsin K.G. Power effective technologies – the future of housing construction. Effektivnoe antikrizisnoe upravlenie. 2013. No. 2 (77), рp. 50–51. (In Russian).
2. Sapacheva L.V. Ecosteady position of the Russian architects. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2010. No. 12, рp. 19–22. (In Russian).
3. Korchagina O.A. Ostrovskaya A.A. Yudina O.A. Ilyaso va O.I. «Green» construction. Components of scientific and technological progress. 2013. No. 3 (18), рp. 42–45. (In Russian).
4. Danilov S. I. Aktivny, because passive and clever. Initsiativy XXI veka. 2011 . No. 4–5, рp. 72–83. (In Russian).
5. Bunina O.A. State and prospects of development of objects of green construction in the city of stavropol. Sovremennye naukoemkie tekhnologii. 2009. No. 3, рp. 50–51. (In Russian).
6. Remizov A.N. On Stimulation of Environmentally Sustainable Architecture and Building. Zhilishhnoe stroitel’stvo [Housing Construction]. 2014. No. 3, рp. 41–43. (In Russian)
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